Analysis Of Risk Factors Of Postoperative Pulmonary Infection In Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury

Research background Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is still a major public health problem in the world.In our country,there are many new cases every year,however,patients with traumatic brain injury after surgery suffered a first injury,a second operation,and two blows to the body,which made the patient’s body’s defenses drop,this,combined with the use of various catheters and invasive procedures,leads to a high risk of pulmonary infection during postoperative treatment.But the lung infection can affect the patient’s respiratory function,lead to hospital stay prolonged,symptoms aggravated,and even die,and lead to patients after the disability rate,mortality increased significantly.In the study of pulmonary infection after operation for hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease,there are some researches on clinical characteristics and related factors,among which there are many researches on pulmonary infection during the course of treatment for spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage,however,there is little discussion on the clinical characteristics of patients with traumatic cerebral hemorrhage after operation,and the relevant factors in each study are too one-sided and insufficient,therefore,there is no sufficient theoretical basis and method to prevent and treat postoperative pulmonary infection after traumatic brain injury.Objective To analyze the risk factors of postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with traumatic brain injury,and discuss the relevant preventive and therapeutic measures to help clinical workers.Methods From January 1,2020 to January 1,2020,we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of two hundred and nineteen 2023 patients with traumatic brain injury admitted to the Anhui Medical University affiliated Chuzhou Hospital,the patients were divided into infection group and normal group according to the presence or absence of postoperative pulmonary infection.We also looked at the personal information of these patients,they included age,smoking,COPD,diabetes,heart disease,hypertension,preoperative GCS score,bleeding site,presence or absence of a gastric tube,presence or absence of a tracheotomy,number of days of intubation,presence or absence of a deep vein catheter,use of prophylactic antibiotics,use of corticosteroids,and presence or absence of hypoalbuminemia,in order to better understand their situation.Sixteen clinical data were registered as independent variables,and pulmonary infection was regarded as dependent variables.Data collected were processed with SPSS27 software.By chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis,we identified independent risk factors for postoperative pulmonary infection in 16 patients,with P & LT;0.05 values less than P & Lt;0.05 indicated that these factors were statistically significant.Results1.From January 1,2020 to January 1,2020,111 patients(50.7%)of the 2192023 patients with traumatic brain injury admitted to the Anhui Medical University Chuzhou Hospital had pulmonary infection.A total of 79 strains of bacteria were isolated from the sputum of 111 patients with pulmonary infection,including 21 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae(26.6%),9 strains of Klebsiella Staphylococcus aureus(11.4%),11 strains of acinetobacter Bowman(13.9%),escherichia coli9(11.4%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3(3.8%),methicillin resistant Staphylococcus11(13.9%),Streptococcus pneumoniae 2(2.5%),Haemophilus influenzae 2(2.5%),1strain of Candida tropicalis(1.3%).2.Through the chi-square test of SPSS27 software,we found that 10 factors,they included age,smoking history,history of COPD,preoperative GCS score,presence or absence of a gastric tube,duration of tracheal intubation,presence or absence of a tracheotomy,presence or absence of a deep vein catheter,use of steroids,and presence or absence of hypoalbuminemia,both of them had significant effects on pulmonary infection after traumatic brain injury,and these effects were statistically significant(P & Lt;0.05).Studies show that after traumatic brain injury surgery,six factors(including sex,heart disease,diabetes,bleeding site,hypertension and need for prophylactic use of antibiotics)were not significantly associated with pulmonary infection(P >0.05).3.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors with statistical significance in the univariate analysis,the results showed that preoperative GCS score,gastric tube indwelling,tracheal intubation time,tracheotomy,hormone use and hypoproteinemia had significant effects on pulmonary infection after traumatic brain injury,age,smoking history,COPD history and whether or not deep vein catheterization had no significant influence on postoperative pulmonary infection after traumatic brain injury(P >0.05).Conclusion The incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with traumatic brain injury was 50.7%,we found that preoperative GCS score,gastric tube indwelling,tracheal intubation time,tracheotomy,hormone use and hypoproteinemia had significant effects on postoperative pulmonary infection after traumatic brain injury,are independent risk factors.