| Objective: The clinical data of 5 0 8 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Baise City and surrounding ethnic minority areas were collected to analyze the differences in clinical characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients,and to explore the correlation between clinical characteristics and clinical stages,so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in this region in the future.Methods: Clinical data of 5 0 8 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities from January 31,20 16 to December 31,2021 were collected,including age,gender,first diagnosis time,first diagnosis symptoms,accompanying symptoms,lymph node metastasis,Epstein-Barr virus antibody/nucleic acid test results,pathological types and clinical stages.Results:(1)There were 508 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,including 372 males and 136 females.The male-to-female ratio was 2.74:1;Aged 16 to 77 years(46.8±11.0)years,the peak incidence was 173 patients(34.05%)aged 40 to 49 years,followed by 141patients(27.75%)aged 50 to 59 years.Zhuang and Han are the most common ethnic groups,with 370 Zhuang(72.83%)and 97 Han(19.10%),followed by 41 other ethnic groups(including Buyi,Yao and Yi)(8.08%).Occupations were divided into farmers and non-farmers,with 399 farmers(78.54%)and 109 non-farmers(21.46%).The time of first diagnosis was 20.07% within 1 month,65.34% within 6 months,and 93.10% within 1 year.The first diagnosis time was in January(20.07%),February(15.16%),March(12.99%).Among the clinical stages,there were 2 cases(0.39%),5 cases(0.98%),174 cases(34.25%)and 327 cases(64.37%)in stage I,II,III and IV,respectively.According to the occurrence rate of the first diagnosis,215 cases(42.32%)were cervical mass,137 cases(137 cases)were nasal symptoms(nasal congestion,bloody nose)26.97%),70 cases of headache(13.78%),57 cases of ear symptoms(stuffy ear,hearing loss)(11.2%),29 cases of other symptoms(including pharynx,eye,face symptoms,asymptomatic symptoms,etc.)(5.71%).In terms of histopathologic types,non-keratosis accounted for 497 cases(97.83%),keratosis accounted for 1 case(0.2%),and others(including papillary squamous cell carcinoma,enteric hyperpapillary adenocarcinoma,salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma,lymphoepithelial carcinoma)accounted for 10 cases(1.97%).In the detection of Epstein-Barr virus antibody/ nucleic acid,491 patients were positive,with a positive rate of 96.7%.(2)There were 501 patients with stage III and IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,ethnicity,occupation,first diagnosis symptoms,first diagnosis time,lymph node metastasis,Epstein-Barr virus infection and other factors had no statistical difference between stage III and IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients,P > 0.05.Age P <0.001,OR= 1.062,95%CI(1.014-1.084);P=0.004,OR= 1.903,95%CI(1.223～2.962);Pathological type P=0.006,OR= 1.830,95%CI(1.194-2.807),there was a statistical difference,P < 0.05,the results showed that old age,accompanying symptoms,pathological type,is a high risk factor for the clinical stage III,IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Conclusion: In this study,(1)the proportion of male patients was higher than that of female patients,and it was most common between 40 and 59 years old.Farmers accounted for the vast majority of the patients.(2)Older age,accompanying symptoms and pathological types are high-risk factors for stage III and IV clinical stages.(3)Most of the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in this region were in the middle and late stage(Ⅲ and IV)when they saw a doctor,and the diagnosis rate of early stage(I and II)was much lower than that of other regions during the same period.It has become an urgent problem to improve the early diagnosis rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in this region.(4)The positive rate of Epstein-Barr virus antibody/ nucleic acid detection is high in nasopharyngeal cancer patients in this region,which can be used as one of the screening measures for nasopharyngeal cancer. |
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