Comparison Of Dietary Nutrition Among Chinese Residents Between Weight Control And Non-weight Control Groups

Objective:To explore the differences of dietary intake and dietary quality among Chinese residents aged 18 or above who tried to control weight and those who didn’t,to provide a scientific basis for guiding those who tried to control weight with a balanced diet and reasonable nutrition.Methods:Data were collected from China National Nutrition Survey2002,2012 and 2015.Participants aged 18 years were divided into weight control group and non-weight control group.Nutrients intake were calculated based on Chinese Food Composition table;diet quality was calculated based on China Healthy Diet Index.The CNNSs were adjusted based on the sixth national census in 2010.The distribution of general demographic characteristics was compared using theχ~2 test;differences in macronutrient intake and dietary quality were compared by General liner model.The association between weight control and diet quality were analyzed using Logistic regression model.In the study,gender,age,BMI,area,educational level,occupation,and income level were considered as adjustment variables.Results:1.Proportion of weight control:167,355 subjects were finally included in this study,of which 11,906(8.0%)Chinese adults aged18 years or older reported attempting to control weight within 12 months.2.Comparison of macronutrients intake:The consumption of total energy(1958.4kcal vs.2115.8kcal),carbohydrate(253.9g vs.296.3g)and protein intake(63.3g vs.64.0g)were lower,and the consumption of fat(76.6g vs.75.0g)was significant higher in the weight control group(all P<0.01).The energy from carbohydrate(51.9%vs.55.6%)was lower,while the energy from protein(13.0%vs.12.2%)and fat(35.1%vs.32.1%)were higher(all P<0.001)in the weight control group.In stratified analyses,total energy and carbohydrate intake were generally lower in the weight control group;difference in protein intake was founded in women,young adults(18-39 years),and lower income levels and residents in rural areas;fat intake was only reported to be lower in the female weight control group.3.Diet quality:The CHDI score of the weight control group was higher(53.40 vs.48.79;P<0.001).In the analysis of CHDI components,the weight control group reported a higher score of food various,total vegetables,dark vegetables,fruits,diary,soybeans,meat and eggs,fish and shrimp;while refined grains,SFA and the sodium scores were lower(all P<0.05).Whole grain and tubers,and empty calorie scores were not significantly different between the two groups.The scores of multiple CHDI components in the two groups were lower than half of their respective highest possible scores,especially diary(0-10 points:1.63 vs.0.85),fish and shrimp(0-5 points:1.88 vs.1.43).Similar results were also found in different subgroups.4.Logistic regression analysis:Weight control group showed a better diet quality than non-weight control group(a OR=1.30,95%CI:1.24～1.36).Conclusion:1.The total energy consumption was lower,and the energy from carbohydrate was lower,while the energy from protein and fat were higher in the weight control group;2.The diet quality was higher in the weight control group,but for both groups the dietary quality were far away from balance and reasonable.3.In the subgroup analysis,unreasonable dietary intake and diet quality should be taken seriously.