Correlation Study Between Sarcopenia And Osteoporosis In Postmenopausal Female

Background:With the aging process accelerating year by year in China,sarcopenia has attracted more and more attention.It is estimated that there are about 50 million people suffering from sarcopenia in the world at present,and it is estimated that the number of sarcopenia patients will reach 500 million by 2050.At present,there is no approved drug for the treatment of sarcopenia.So it is necessary to identify the risk factors of sarcopenia as soon as possible,avoid or control them,and delay the occurrence of sarcopenia.Osteoporosis is an elderly disease that has been paid attention to earlier than sarcopenia.The middle-aged and elderly people often suffer from sarcopenia and osteoporosis at the same time.The research on the relationship between them provides ideas and basis for formulating effective prevention and treatment strategies for sarcopenia and osteoporosis.Objective:To investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women,discuss the correlation between sarcopenia and osteoporosis,explore the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and osteoporosis,and propose reasonable suggestions for their prevention and treatment.Methods:In a cross-sectional study,501 postmenopausal women were recruited in Changsha,and 500 cases were finally selected.The muscle mass and bone mineral density(BMD)were examined by dual energy X-ray absorptive densitometer(DXA),the muscle strength was measured by grip strength,and the physical performance was evaluated by gait speed.According to the diagnostic criteria of consensus called AWGS2019,the subjects were divided into sarcopenia group(84 cases)and nonsarcopenia group(416 cases).Diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis were produced by WHO using SD scores of BMD related to peak bone mass in healthy young people at same sex and race,with osteoporosis being defined as a BMD T-score of-2.5 or less.The measurement data in accordance with the normal distribution were expressed by( ± ),T-test was used for comparison between groups.The measurement data that do not conform to the normal distribution are expressed by the median(interquartile interval),and the non-parametric test analysis is used for comparison between groups;Counting data are expressed by frequency(percentage),and between groups Chi-square test for comparison.The risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression.P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results:(1)Prevalence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal womenThe prevalence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women was 16.8%.After age stratification,the prevalence of sarcopenia was 10.5% in postmenopausal women under 65 years old and 33.3% in elderly women over 65 years old.(2)Comparison of data between sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia in postmenopausal womenThe difference was statistically significant in age,menopausal years,height,weight,BMI,the rate of type 2 diabetes,the rate of osteoporosis,grip strength,appendicular skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI),gait speed,BMD and T-score(total lumbar spine,femoral neck and total hip)between sarcopenia group and nonsarcopenia group(P<0.05).(3)Risk factors of sarcopeniaThe results of multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that age≥65 years old,low BMI,type 2 diabetes history,low total lumbar T-score,low femoral neck T-score and low total hip T-score were independent risk factors for sarcopenia(P<0.05).(4)Predictive value of T-score of total lumbar spine,femoral neck and total hip for sarcopeniaROC curve analysis showed that T-score of total lumbar spine,femoral neck and total hip had certain predictive value for sarcopenia(AUC=0.760～0.777,P<0.05).(5)Prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal womenThe prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women was30.2%.After age stratification,the prevalence of osteoporosis was 22.9%in postmenopausal women under 65 years old and 49.3% in elderly women over 65 years old.(6)Correlation between sarcopenia and osteoporosisAfter adjustment for age,menopausal years and BMI,the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with sarcopenia was 5.134 times higher than that without sarcopenia(odds ratio=5.134,P<0.05,95%confidence interval:2.899～9.092).Conclusions:(1)Old age,low BMI,history of type 2 diabetes,low total lumbar T-score,low femoral neck T-score and low total hip T-score suggest a higher risk of sarcopenia.(2)Total lumbar T-score,femoral neck T-score and total hip T-score have good predictive value for sarcopenia,and can be used as an auxiliary index for clinical diagnosis and condition evaluation.(3)Sarcopenia is a risk factor of osteoporosis,and they can be diagnosed together.Prevention and treatment should be carried out as early as possible to reduce their risk of falls.