Analysis Of The Distribution Characteristics Of Six Common Respiratory Viruses In 1520 Children With Community-acquired Pneumonia

ObjectiveCommunity-acquired pneumonia is one of the common infectious diseases in paediatrics and an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age.Respiratory viruses are one of the common pathogens of paediatric pneumonia,and this study provides a reference for clinical work by analysing the characteristics of the distribution of six common respiratory viruses in children with community-acquired pneumonia in terms of gender,age and severity of illness.MethodsFifteen hundred and twenty children with community-acquired pneumonia,aged between 1 month and 12 years,were collected from seven hospitals(Shenzhen Children’s Hospital,Henan Children’s Hospital,Children’s Hospital of Fudan University,Hunan Children’s Hospital,Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Shenyang Children’s Hospital,Beijing Children’s Hospital)across China between 1 November 2020 and 30 April 2021.All included children were grouped by age,gender and severity of illness.Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected within 24 hours of admission for multiplex real-time quantitative PCR testing of six common respiratory viruses(respiratory syncytial virus,adenovirus,influenza A virus,influenza B virus,parainfluenza virus type 1 and parainfluenza virus type 3),and the test results of the six pathogens were statistically analysed.Results1.801(52.70%)of the 1520 children with CAP were detected with respiratory viruses,of which 667(83.27%)were children aged ≤3.The highest detection rate of the6 respiratory viruses was respiratory syncytial virus(35.92%),followed by parainfluenza virus type 3(10.13%).2.There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of the six respiratory viruses among the children of different genders(P>0.05).3.The detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus was higher in the ≤6 months group and the 6 months to 12 months group than in the 1 to 3 years,3 to 5 years and 5to 12 years groups,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The detection rate of adenovirus was higher in the 1 to 3 years,3 to 5 years and 5 to 12 years groups than in the <6 months and 6 to 12 months groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The difference in the detection rate of influenza A and B viruses and parainfluenza virus types 1 and 3 in different age groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).4.The detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus was greater in the mild disease group than in the severe disease group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of influenza A and B virus and parainfluenza virus type 1 and 3 detection rates among CAP with different severity of illness(P>0.05).5.There were 40 cases(2.63%)of mixed infections,of which a total of 32 cases(80.00%)were in children ≤3 years old.The detection rate of mixed infections was higher in the severe group than in the mild group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of mixed infections in different age groups and genders(P>0.05).Conclusions1.The six common respiratory viruses in 1520 children with CAP were predominantly respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3.Children under3 years of age continue to be the main group with CAP.2.Respiratory syncytial virus occurs in children under the age of 1 year and is common in mild pneumonia;adenovirus infection is mainly seen in severe pneumonia,mostly in children over the age of 1 year.3.Mixed infections are more likely to occur in children under 3 years of age and may also be a risk factor for severe pneumonia.