Epidemiological Investigation Of Sports-induced Bronchospasm In Some Winter Sports Athletes In China

ObjectiveExercise-induced Bronchoconstriction(EIB)has a high incidence in winter sports athletes.In this study,the incidence of sports-induced bronchospasm in winter sports athletes in China was investigated through bronchial stimulation test.According to the diagnosis results,the incidence of EIB in Winter sports athletes in China and the population differences among different specialties,genders and sports levels were explored.The difference of lung ventilation index between EIB athletes and non-EIB athletes before and after exercise was compared to explore the difference of ventilation limitation between EIB athletes and non-EIB athletes.Blood routine and serum inflammatory factors in quiet state were compared between EIB athletes and non-EIB athletes,and the difference of inflammation level between EIB athletes and non-EIB athletes was analyzed.Methods90 winter sports athletes(48 men,42 women;The subjects included cross-country skiing,speed skating,snowboarding and freestyle skiing.Bronchial motion stimulation test was conducted in a standard laboratory environment(18-25 ℃,30-60% HR)to compare the changes of pulmonary ventilation indexes(FEV1,FVC,FEV1 / FVC,etc.)before and after exercise.EIB was diagnosed by FEV1 decline rate.The venous blood of athletes in fasting state was collected in the morning of test day,and the differences of blood basic function between EIB athletes and non-EIB athletes were analyzed by blood routine erythrocyte index.Inflammation and airway injury were evaluated by leukocyte markers and serum inflammatory factors(Ig E,IL-6,CC16).Results33 EIB athletes were detected in 90 athletes,with an average incidence of 36.67%.The incidence of cross-country skiing(43.18%)> short track speed skating(38.46%)>snowboarding(31.25%)> freestyle skiing(23.53%).The gender difference was as follows:female athletes(42.86%)> male athletes(31.25%);The differences among sports grades were as follows: excellent(55.56%)> First(40%)> second(32.8%).Lung ventilation indicators:1s forced expiratory volume(FEV1)and forced expiratory volume(FVC),1stmin and 3rdmin(P < 0.001)in EIB group were significantly decreased after exercise,while there was no significant change in non-eib group after exercise.FEV1 / FVC,EIB group showed a downward trend after exercise,while non-EIB group showed an upward trend.In terms of blood indicators,the red blood cell count and red blood cell function of EIB athletes were better than those of non-EIB athletes.WBC count(109/L)in EIB group(4.89 ± 0.44)was significantly higher than that in non-EIB group(4.53 ± 0.84),P=0.028;Ig E(IU/m L)in EIB group was 8.81±11.13,lower than 24.41±25.19 in non-EIB group,P=0.07;Il-6(pg/m L)in EIB group(25.31 ± 32.3)was significantly higher than that in non-EIB group(9.68 ±12.32),P=0.02;CC16(ng/m L)in EIB group(23.89 ± 7.99)was significantly higher than that in non-EIB group(9.72 ± 3.94),P=0.003.ConclusionThe incidence of EIB in Chinese winter sports athletes is higher than that in skill sports,higher in females and higher in high-level athletes.At the same time,the inflammatory base level of EIB athletes was higher than that of non-EIB athletes,and the phenomenon of airway injury was higher.