| Objective:The aim of this study is to determine the expression changes of leptin(LEP),tyrosinase kinase Janus kinase 2(JAK2)and signal transducers and activators of transcription3(STAT3)signaling pathways in gastric cancer,and to investigate expression changes and tumor biological behavior of the pathways.It provides experimental basis and theoretical basis for the prevention of gastric cancer.Methods:Specimens from patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical resection and palliative surgery for gastric cancer from June 2019 to June 2021 in the People’s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region without preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy were collected.A total of 81 cases of gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.The expression level of LEP,JAK2 and STAT3 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The clinical data and laboratory indexes of all patients were entered into the Epi Data database.Using SPSS23.0statistical software to analyze the expression changes of LEP,JAK2 and STAT3 in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues.The relationship between the expression of LEP and the degree of differentiation,TNM stage,tumor invasion depth,tumor size,lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis was analyzed byχ~2test.The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the expressions of LEP,JAK2,STAT3 and the survival rate of gastric cancer patients.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the influence of the expression of LEP,JAK2,STAT3 on the survival rate of gastric cancer patients.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards was used to analyze the influence of the expression of LEP,JAK2 and STAT3 differentiation grade,AJCC stage,and tumor size on the survival rate of gastric cancer patients.Results:The positive expression of LEP was 67%(54/81)in gastric cancer tissues,27%(22/81)were weakly positive,31%(25/81)were moderately positive,and 9%(7/81)were strongly positive.The positive expression of LEP was 28%(23/81)in adjacent normal tissues,12%(10/81)were weakly positive,12%(10/81)were moderately positive,and 4%(3/81)were strongly positive.The positive expression rate of LEP was significantly higher in in gastric cancer tissues(χ2=23.786,P<0.001).The positive expression of JAK2 was 75%(61/81)in gastric cancer tissues,26%(21/81)were weakly positive,42%(34/81)were moderately positive,and 7%(6/81)were strong positive.The positive expression of JAK2 was 30%(24/81)in adjacent normal tissues,12%(10/81)were weakly positive,12%(10/81)were moderately positive,and 5%(4/81)were strong positive.The positive expression rate of JAK2 in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues(χ2=33.885,P<0.001).The positive expression of STAT3 was 79%(64/81)in gastric cancer tissues,15%(12/81)were weakly positive,38%(31/81)were moderately positive,and 26%(21/81)were strong positive.The positive expression of STAT3 was 23%(19/81)in adjacent normal tissues,6%(5/81)were weakly positive,12%(10/81)were moderately positive,5%(4/81)were strongly positive.The positive expression rate of STAT3 in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues.(χ2=50.031,P<0.001).The expression of LEP was related to the degree of tumor differentiation.The positive expression rate of LEP in the poorly differentiated gastric cancer was 23.9%higher than that in the well-differentiated gastric cancer(P=0.019).The expression of LEP is related to the tumor stage.The positive expression rate of LEP stage III-IV gastric cancer was 39%higher than that of stage I-II gastric cancer(P=0.002).The expression of LEP was related to tumor size.The expression of LEP in the tumor diameter more than 5cm was 41.4%higher than that of in the diameter less than 5 cm gastric cancer(P<0.001).The expression of LEP、JAK2 and STAT3 were not related to the lymph node metastasis(P=0.126),distant metastasis(P=0.251)and other factors.Linear correlation analysis indicated that the expression of LEP was positively correlated with the expression of JAK2(r_s=0.246,P=0.027);There was a significant correlation between the expression of LEP and the expression of STAT3(r_s=0.263,P=0.018).There was a significant correlation between the expression of JAK2 and the expression of STAT3(r_s=0.267,P=0.016).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the expression of LEP,JAK2,and STAT3 had no significant effect on the survival rate of patients(χ2=0.025,P=0.875;χ2=2.649,P=0.104;χ2=0.748,P=0.387).The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that the degree of differentiation of gastric cancer was the main factor affecting the prognosis of patients(P=0.038),while the expression of LEP(P=0.837),JAK2(P=0.383),STAT3(P=0.608),AJCC stage(P=0.754)and tumor size(P=0.338)had no significant effect on the patient survival.Conclusion:1.The expression of LEP is closely related to the differentiation grade,AJCC stage and tumor size of gastric cancer.The high expression of LEP may play an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.2.The expressions of LEP,JAK2 and STAT3 are significantly correlated with each other.It suggest that LEP may promote the occurrence and development of tumor by activating the expression of downstream molecules JAK2 and STAT3.3.The degree of differentiation is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer. |
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