Application Of Nursing Intervention Based On The Health Education Accurately Linking System Assistant In Caregivers Of Children With Congenital Heart Disease

Objective:To investigate the current situation of demand for nursing knowledge related to congenital heart disease and their preference for health education methods among caregivers of children with congenital heart disease,and analyze the influencing factors that the health education needs of caregivers of children with congenital heart disease,so as to provide evidence for efficient clinical health education.To explore the effect of health education through the Health Education Accurately Linking System（HEALS）assistant on improving the knowledge level,behavior level,satisfaction of caregivers of children with congenital heart disease and the quality of life of children with congenital heart disease.Methods:Part 1:Through reviewing a large number of relevant literature,diagnosis and treatment standards,nursing routines,etc.,interviewing doctors with deputy senior titles or above in the field of cardiothoracic surgery,nursing managers with nursing management experience in cardiac thoracic surgery and nursing experts,interviewing the caregivers of children with congenital heart disease,combining their needs,the content of health education for caregivers of children with congenital heart disease was established,and a questionnaire on health education needs of caregivers of children with congenital heart disease was established.Convenience sampling method was used to select 216 caregivers of children with simple congenital heart disease who were hospitalized and received surgical treatment in the cardiothoracic surgery department of a tertiary grade A children’s hospital in Shanxi Province from January to June 2020 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The self-made general situation table and health education demand questionnaire were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of the caregivers of the children within 24 hours of admission,to gain a preliminary understanding of the level and preference of health education needs,and to carry out correlation analysis of various dimensions of health education needs and univariate analysis of influencing factors.Part 2:Following the completion of the cross-sectional survey,using the non-contemporaneous control method in the quasi-experimental study,the patients who received surgical treatment from July 2020 to June 2021 in a tertiary first-class children’s hospital in Shanxi Province who met the admission and exclusion criteria were selected.Children with simple congenital heart disease and their caregivers were the subjects of the study.They were divided into a control group and an experimental group according to the time of admission,with 62 pairs in each group.The control group received routine health education,while the experimental group received HEALS assistant-based health education on the basis of routine health education.Within 24 hours of admission,at the time of discharge,1 month after discharge,and 3 months after discharge,the knowledge questionnaire,behavior questionnaire,satisfaction questionnaire,Peds QL^TM4.0 and Peds QL^TM3.0 quality of life scales were used to evaluate the knowledge,behavior,satisfaction of the caregivers and quality of life of the children in the two groups.Results:1.Results of the current situation investigation:（1）The average score of health education needs of caregivers of children with congenital heart disease was（2.43±0.33）,which was at a high level.The most in-demand dimension was laboratory test education,and the most in-demand item was preoperative respiratory function and effective cough training.（2）The health education needs of caregivers of children with congenital heart disease were positively correlated with each dimension（r=0.164～0.658,P<0.05）.（3）The results of univariate analysis showed that the educational background,occupation,family monthly income,family residence of the children’s caregivers were the influencing factors of the health education needs of the caregivers of children with congenital heart disease.（4）The most preferred way of health education for the caregivers of children with congenital heart disease was one-to-one explanation,followed by uploading electronic materials.2.Results of the intervention study:（1）Within 24 hours of admission,there was no statistical difference between the control group and the experimental group in terms of general information,knowledge level,behavior level,Peds QL^TM4.0 quality of life and Peds QL^TM3.0 quality of life scores（P>0.05）.（2）At the time of discharge,the caregiver satisfaction score of the children in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P<0.01）.（3）At the time of discharge and 1 month after discharge,the scores of knowledge level and behavior level of the caregivers of the two groups were higher than those within 24 hours of admission,and the scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.01）.There was an interaction effect between the time factor and the between-group factor（P<0.05）.（4）At 1 month and 3 months after discharge,except for social function in Peds QL^TM4.0and physical appearance perception in Peds QL^TM3.0,the scores of other items and total scores of quality of life were higher than those after admission,and the score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）.There was an interaction effect between the time factor and the between-group factor（P<0.05）.Conclusion:1.The caregivers of children with congenital heart disease have insufficient awareness of the disease,lack disease-related knowledge and care capabilities,and have a high demand for health education.Traditional health education methods still cannot meet the needs of caregivers.Medical staff should use efficient health education methods to strengthen the health knowledge of caregivers,improve their disease cognition level,and improve the ability to care.2.Health education based on HEALS assistant can effectively improve the knowledge level,behavior level and satisfaction of caregivers of children,and improve the quality of life of children.3.Health education is carried out through HEALS assistant,using graphics,audio,video,animation and other forms,not limited by time and space,according to the age,disease type and treatment stage of the children,the corresponding personalized health education content is pushed to them at different time points,realizing the precision of health education and the effect is better than the traditional health education method.The application of health education through HEALS assistant in the in-hospital treatment and out-hospital early rehabilitation management of children with congenital heart disease has a good effect,which is worthy of clinical application.