Comparative Analysis Of Retinal Vascular Density In Children With Morphologically Deprived Amblyopia And Normal Children

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to compare the retinal blood flow of monocular and binocular congenital cataract patients with form deprivation amblyopia to that of normal children of the same age.Methods:16 cases(32 eyes)of monocular congenital cataract(monocular amblyopia group and monocular contralateral eye group),20 cases(40 eyes)of binocular congenital cataract children(binocular amblyopia group)and 19 cases(38 eyes)of normal children of the same age(normal control group)were selected.The vascular density of the superficial capillary plexus(SCP),the deep capillary plexus(DCP),and the retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)in each group was observed morphologically deprived and further analyzed.The correlation between vascular parameters and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),axial length(AL),and age at surgery was further analyzed.Results:1.The SCP vessel densities in the central sulcus,inner ring,and each quadrant of the outer ring were lower in the monocular amblyopic group than in the monocular contralateral eye group(P< 0.005).The SCP vessel density in the central sulcus and temporal side of the inner ring was lower in the monocular amblyopic group than in the binocular amblyopic group(P< 0.002).All quadrants of the monocular amblyopic group were lower than those of the normal control group except for the inferior aspect of the inner ring(P< 0.05).The SCP vessel density in the superior inner ring,nasal and outer ring quadrants was higher in the monocular contralateral eye group than in the binocular amblyopic group(P< 0.05).The SCP vessel densities in the superior inner ring and each quadrant of the outer ring were lower in the binocular amblyopic group than in the normal control group(P< 0.05).2.There was no statistical difference in DCP vascular density among all groups.3.The density of RNFL vessels around the optic disc in the monocular amblyopic group and binocular amblyopic group was lower than that in the normal control group except in the nasal quadrant(P< 0.05).The density of RNFL vessels around the optic disc in the superior and inferior quadrants of the monocular contralateral eye group was lower than that in the normal control group(P< 0.05).4.The axial length of amblyopic eyes was negatively correlated with the vascular density of the central sulcus SCP in both eyes(r=-0.301,P= 0.018)Conclusions:The retinal microvascular system was abnormal in both monocular and binocular form-deprived amblyopic eyes,and the degree of abnormality varied(monocular amblyopic eye > binocular amblyopic eye > monocular contralateral eye).The axial length of the amblyopic eye was negatively correlated with the density of SCP vessels in the central sulcus.