| Object: To evaluate the influence of different kinds of low temperature atmospheric plasma surface modification on the bonding durability of zirconia ceramics and resin.Methods: 150 pieces of zirconia ceramic(Y-TZP)were randomly divided into 5 groups(n= 36)based on different surface treatments.Group A: blank control group;Group B:sandblast group;Group C:nitrogen(N2)plasma group;Group D: oxygen(O2)plasma group;Group E: argon(Ar)plasma group.Zirconia ceramic and resin bonding specimens were prepared,and then adhesive specimens were randomly divided into 2subgroups(n = 15)to receive different treatment methods: water storage at 37 ℃ for 24 hours,10000 thermal cycles.Then,the maximum force values of each bonded specimen were recorded,the measured results were statistically analyzed,and the fracture mode of the bonded interface was observed by stereomicroscope.Results: The immediate shear bonding strength of blank control group(4.33±0.90)MPa was lower than that of the other four groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in immediate shear bonding strength between sand blasting group(11.82±2.20)MPa and plasma treatment group(11.62±1.98)MPa,(11.09±1.86)MPa and(12.23±1.99)MPa(P>0.05).After 10000 cycles of hot and cold,all the bonded specimens in blank control group fell off,and the shear bonding strength of sandblasting group(3.92±1.19)MPa was lower than that of three plasma treatment groups(10.19±1.00)MPa,(10.48±1.35)MPa,(12.21±3.04)MPa.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in shear bonding strength between the three plasma treatment groups before and after 10000 cycles of hot and cold(P>0.05).Fracture mode analysis: no cohesive fracture was observed in each group before and after the cooling and heating cycle,and adhesive fracture was the main one,with a small amount of mixed fracture.In the blank control group,there were adhesive fractures before and after the cycle,in the sandblasting group,there were mixed fractures before and after the cycle,and all the specimens were adhesive failures after the cycle.In the three plasma treatment groups,the mixed failures were observed before and after the cold and hot cycles.Conclusion:Low temperature atmospheric plasma surface treatment improves the immediate bonding effect between zirconia ceramics and resin cement.Meanwhile,after artificial aging treatment,the surface modification of low temperature atmospheric plasma provides longer bonding effect for zirconia ceramics compared with the most commonly used alumina particle sandblasting surface treatment.Object: To investigate the changes of physical and chemical properties of zirconia ceramic surface modified by plasma at low temperature and atmospheric pressure.Methods: 30 pieces of zirconia ceramic(Y-TZP)were randomly divided into 5 groups(n= 6)based on different surface treatments.Group A: blank control group;Group B:sandblast group;Group C:nitrogen(N2)plasma group;Group D: oxygen(O2)plasma group;Group E: argon(Ar)plasma group.The microscopic morphology and surface hydrophilicity of each treatment group were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM)and water contact Angle(WCA).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)was used to compare the changes of surface elements and functional groups.Results: Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)showed that the surface of zirconia ceramics in blank control group was smooth,and irregular scratches and organic pollutant residues were observed.The surface of sandblasting group is obviously uneven rough surface.However,the surface of different plasma treatment groups showed irregular polishing scratches similar to that of the control group,but its surface was cleaner and no obvious pollutant residues were observed.The static contact Angle measurement instrument(WCA)analysis showed that the bonding antennae of nitrogen plasma treatment group,oxygen plasma treatment group and argon plasma treatment group were significantly smaller than that of sandblasting group,and the difference was statistically significant(P< 0.05).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis showed that the surface carbon content in nitrogen plasma group,oxygen plasma group and argon plasma group was significantly lower than that in blank control group,while oxygen content and oxygen/carbon ratio were increased.Conclusion: Low temperature atmospheric pressureplasma surface modification does not change the physical morphology of zirconia ceramics,and can effectively improve the surface wettability of zirconia ceramics,and then improve the bonding properties of zirconia ceramics. |
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