Characteristics Of Dementia Prevalence And Risk Factors In Urban And Rural Elderly Populations Of Zunyi

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of dementia among the elderly in urban communities and rural areas of Zunyi City,Guizhou Province,analyze the risk factors of dementia,and compare the prevalence and risk factors of dementia between urban and rural areas.Methods:In this study,the subjects were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling.The face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted by uniformly trained investigators to investigate all eligible elderly people over the age of 65.The self-made general condition and past medical history registration form,Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE)and activity of daily living(ADL)were used for evaluation.The diagnostic criteria for dementia were based on the fourth edition of the diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-Ⅳ-R).Spss23 0 statistical software for data analysis.The counting data were expressed in[n(%).The prevalence rate between groups was compared by X~2test.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results:(1)A total of 762 respondents were included in this study,including 444 in urban areas and 318 in rural areas.Among them,665 people over 65 years old were diagnosed with 131 cases of dementia.The prevalence rate in urban areas was 18.7%(83/444)and in rural areas was 21.7%(48/221).(2)The univariate analysis of the influencing factors of dementia showed that in urban areas,age,marital status,educational level,social activities,sleep disorders,headache,hypertension,cerebral infarction,constipation,frequent urination/urgent urination/incomplete urination were significantly correlated with the prevalence of dementia(P<0.05).In rural areas,age,educational level,social activities and headache were significantly correlated with dementia(P<0.05).(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that in urban areas,rich social activities and high education level were the protective factors of senile dementia,while headache,sleep disorder and old age were the independent risk factors.In rural areas,rich social activities and high education level are the protective factors of senile dementia,and advanced age is the independent risk factor.Conclusion:The prevalence of dementia in urban communitiesof Zunyi City,Guizhou Province is lower than that in rural areas,but both are at a high level in China.Rich social activities and high education level are the protective factors of dementia,while headache,sleep disorder and advanced age are independent risk factors.Targeted measures should be taken to realize early intervention.