Influence Of Different Water And Fertilizer Treatment On The Body Growth And Fruit Quality Of ’Junzao’ Jujube Tree

In recent years,the development scale of red jujube,a dominant tree species in southern Xinjiang,has been relatively large.However,for a long time,the low water and fertilizer utilization rate and non-standard technology of red jujube in most areas of southern Xinjiang have been one of the important factors leading to low yield and decreased quality,seriously affecting the continuous improvement of economic benefits of red jujube in Xinjiang.This experiment used 224 Tuan‘Junzao’jujube in Kun Yu City as the test material to study the effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on the growth,yield,and quality of‘Junzao’jujube,providing reference for efficient management of water and fertilizer in jujube cultivation in southern Xinjiang.The main research findings are as follows:(1)under the condition of sandy loam soil in jujube gardens,the average soil moisture values of 0-140cm under each irrigation treatment showed a continuous upward trend;Increasing the amount of irrigation has little effect on the surface soil moisture,mainly affecting the soil moisture after 60-140 cm;When the irrigation amount is set to A1(420 m~3/667 m~2),the range of soil moisture zone reaches its maximum value.The overall trend of the average soil temperature between 0 and 140 cm under different irrigation treatments is consistent,showing a gradual decrease trend;The surface soil is greatly affected by temperature,with the highest temperature.The soil temperature in the 20-40 cm soil layer decreases significantly,and the soil temperature decreases very slowly after 40cm;The soil temperature of A3(low water)treatment is higher than that of A1(high water)and A2(medium water)treatment.(2)There are significant differences in the effects of different levels of water and fertilizer supply on the growth,yield,and quality of Jun jujube,A1B2(high water fertilizer)treatment has the highest yield.Excessive or low water and fertilizer levels can inhibit plant growth and yield.The contribution rate of irrigation amount to yield is greater than that of fertilization amount.(3)The diurnal variation of photosynthetic characteristics of‘Junzao’jujube under different water and fertilizer treatments showed a"double peak"curve,with peaks appearing at 12:00 and 16:00.Appropriate water and fertilizer supply is beneficial to improve the photosynthetic characteristics of leaves.When the amount of water and fertilizer is too high,it has an inhibitory effect.The net Photosynthetic efficiency of leaves in A1B2 treatment is the highest;A2B1 treatment has the highest chlorophyll content.Leaf photosynthesis affects single fruit weight and yield,and the net photosynthetic rate of leaves is highly significantly positively correlated with yield.(4)The experiment of different fertilization types showed that the yield of‘Junzao’jujube could be increased by applying large amount of element fertilizer,and the mineral source potassium fulvic acid essence could promote the improvement of fruit quality.The A1B2 treatment has the highest yield,while the A3B2 treatment has the highest overall quality.However,the A2B3 treatment has a lower yield,and some treatments exhibit a phenomenon of high yield but not high quality.(5)Based on the analysis of the above indicators,it is recommended that the optimal combination scheme A1(420 m~3/667 m~2)and B2(135 kg/667 m~2)is the most beneficial irrigation and fertilization system for the production of ‘Junzao’jujube in southern Xinjiang.