Effects Of Different Fruit-setting Positions And Loading Amounts On Yield And Quality Of Junzao Jujube

Southern Xinjiang is the largest main producing area of Junzao in China.The 14 th Division of the Corps,located in the southern margin of the Tarim Basin,belongs to the desert oasis agricultural area,with abundant light and heat resources,and is one of the most suitable areas for jujube cultivation in China.In this study,Junzao in 224 regiment of the 14 th division of Xinjiang Construction Corps was used as the experimental material.Aiming at the problem of uneven cultivation and management level in each park,the stem-shaped Junzao and the transformed open-shaped Junzao were used as the materials.The fruit setting position,fruit setting period,the degree of jujube head picking,the load of lignification jujube crane and fruit setting at different nodes of jujube crane were studied,and the fruit yield and quality were analyzed.Combined with the tree structure of high-yield,middle-yield and low-yield parks and the high-quality and high-yield conditions of Junzao with different tree shapes,the results were as follows :(1)The flowering period and fruit development period of two different parts of the tree are different.The flowering period of two-year-old and above jujube is about 6 days earlier than that of one-year-old jujube.The fruit setting period of two-year-old and above jujube is about10 days earlier than that of one-year-old jujube.The fruit setting period of two-year-old and above jujube is about 7 days earlier than that of one-year-old jujube.The fruit setting period of the first batch of jujube hanging was about 20 days earlier than that of the second batch,and the mature period was about 5 days earlier.(2)The yield of the two tree shapes was significantly higher than that of the original cultivation mode(the whole plant bud)under the condition of retaining three jujube heads per plant.The yield per plant of the trunk shape was increased by 3.07 kg / plant,and the yield per plant of the reformed open center was increased by 1.16 kg / plant.Single fruit weight of two-year-old and above jujube was significantly greater than that of one-year-old jujube,water content of two-year-old and above jujube was significantly greater than that of one-year-old jujube.The contents of soluble solids,soluble sugar,titratable acid,soluble protein and soluble starch in two-year-old and above-year-old jujube fruit were significantly lower than those in one-year-old jujube fruit,while the sugar-acid ratio and vitamin C content in two-year-old and above-year-old jujube fruit were significantly higher than those in one-year-old jujube fruit.(3)The fruit setting in different fruit setting periods of jujube hanging was mainly divided into one batch of fruit and two batches of fruit.The single fruit weight of the two tree shapes was significantly higher in one batch of fruit than in two batches of fruit,and the uniformity of the two batches of fruit was better.The fruit setting of two batches of trunk shape is more than that of one batch,while the fruit setting of two batches of modified open center is close.The contents of fruit inclusions in the two tree types at different fruit setting stages were similar,and all kinds of inclusions showed that the contents of one batch of fruit were lower than those of two batches of fruit.(4)The growth and fruit number of one-year-old jujube heads with two kinds of tree shapes under different picking degrees showed mild picking > moderate picking > severe picking,and the single fruit weight showed severe picking > moderate picking > mild picking.Except titratable acid,the contents of fruit in hang fruit of 1-year-old stem-shaped hang fruit showed severe heart picking > moderate heart picking > mild heart picking.The content of soluble protein in the modified happy heart shape was mild heart picking > moderate heart picking >severe heart picking,and the content of other contents was severe heart picking > moderate heart picking > mild heart picking.(5)Different load levels of two tree-shaped lignification jujubes had certain effects on fruit quality.The single fruit weight decreased with the increase of load levels.The soluble solids,soluble sugar and vitamin C contents of stem-shaped Jun jujube were the highest at 15 load levels,the titratable acid content was the highest at 20 load levels,and the soluble starch,soluble protein and sugar-acid ratio were the highest at 10 load levels.In general,the fruit quality was high at 10 – 20 load levels.The contents of transformed happy Junzao were the largest at about 15 loadings,and the sugar-acid ratio was the largest at about 10 loadings.In general,the quality was higher at about 15 loadings.(6)The fruit setting at different node positions of lignification jujube hanging had an effect on fruit quality.From the first node of jujube hanging base,the single fruit weight decreased with the increase of node position.The contents of soluble sugar,vitamin C and sugar-acid ratio in node 8-15 were higher than those in node 1-7.The soluble sugar-acid ratio in node 10 was the highest,the soluble starch content in node 9 was the highest,and the soluble protein content in node 11 was the highest.(7)There are some differences in tree structure of Junzao high,medium and low yield orchards,and the crown diameter of high yield orchard is the largest.High-yield orchards performed well in single fruit weight,fruit longitudinal and transverse diameter.The contents in high and middle orchards were close and higher than those in low orchards.Under the condition of 6 ～ 8 secondary branches per main branch,5 ～ 6 jujube strands were reserved for each secondary branch,198 jujube strands were controlled,and no more than 3 jujube heads per plant were reserved.The yield and fruit quality of jujube could be improved.