Research On The Warehousing And Regional Society Of Ili In The Qing Dynasty

Ili Warehouse in the Qing Dynasty was a comprehensive warehouse for the storage and transfer of grain,salt,vegetables,silver and other articles.There were 13 warehouses,including official warehouses,camp warehouses and charity warehouses,which played their functions in the fields of immigration,tax collection,troop garaging,urban construction and providing assistance to the people,etc.Due to different nature and forms,the social functions of each type of warehouse were also different.Each warehouse is an important component of the social governance of Ili.It rose after the pacification of Ili in the 24 th year of Qianlong’s reign(1759),declined during the anti Qing uprising in the third year of Tongzhi’s reign(1864)and the Ili uprising in the first year of the Republic of China(1912),and was completely abolished in the27 th year of the Republic of China(1938),throughout the governance process of the Ili region in the Qing Dynasty.The rising process of Ili storage is closely linked to the settlement of farmland by immigrants,which interact to create preconditions for agricultural recovery,economic development,and social stability in its region;The construction time and location are also closely related to towns and castles,and are an important component of urban construction.The textual research on the establishment time of its warehouses cannot be separated from the textual research on the construction time of towns and castles;During the storage setup period,there were no mutinies or civil commotions caused by famine in the Ili region,and multiple ethnic groups gathered here,forming various forms of land reclamation,creating economic prosperity together,which has its special significance for existence.Official warehouses and battalion warehouses provide rations for the garrison officers and soldiers.They are used to provide seeds,ensure agricultural production,and assist the people in times of famine.However,during special periods,official warehouses and battalion warehouses also play the role of official warehouses,which is also an important reason for the large-scale abolishment of voluntary warehouses in Xinjiang and the preservation of Ili voluntary warehouses.In addition,grain management officials are set up in the warehouses to engage in many matters such as warehouse grain management,transportation,loan and release,and autumn harvest and return to the warehouse,It has a relatively complete management system,which also forms a guarantee for the continuous existence of warehousing.Ili warehouse was built early,existed for a long time,and played a significant role.It had a profound impact on the regional society of Ili,and was closely related to the social governance of the border areas.It was an important factor in the successful governance of the border areas in the Qing Dynasty.Combining local chronicles,memorials,and other historical documents,the textual research and systematic analysis of its establishment time,location,and relaxation time can further explore the regional society and governance experience of the Ili region in the Qing Dynasty,give play to its "governance" function,and have certain reference value for maintaining border stability and social governance.