Study On The Growth And Selenium Enrichment Characteristics Of Different Pepper Varieties In Xishui County,Zunyi City

Selenium is an essential trace element for humans and animals,and its deficiency can cause abnormal reactions in the body.Large areas of soil in China are severely deficient in selenium,and humans and animals cannot obtain sufficient selenium from the crops produced.In order to better assist the development of Zunyi pepper industry and screen out pepper varieties with high yield,strong disease resistance,and excellent quality,and provide scientific support for the large-scale production of selenium rich pepper varieties and the establishment of advantageous chili production areas,it is urgent to study the growth characteristics and selenium rich characteristics of different pepper varieties in Zunyi area.This experiment studied the growth characteristics and selenium enrichment ability of different pepper varieties in Zunyi area through soil culture experiments,providing theoretical support for the utilization of selenium in pepper.The main results are as follows:（1）Study on the growth characteristics of different pepper varieties.Through experiments and comparisons on the growth period,growth potential,lodging resistance,field evaluation,stress resistance,disease susceptibility,economic traits,yield,and other aspects of various pepper varieties,it was found that the suitable finger type peppers for promotion and cultivation in our county include Shila 6,Qianjiao 5112,Guizun 4,linear chili Longyan 11,vegetable chili improved Sujiao 5,and Zhuzi chili Qianla 10.（2）The effect of foliar spraying selenium fertilizer on the growth and yield of peppers.Spraying selenium fertilizer on the leaves has no effect on the appearance traits of the fruit.Among the three varieties of peppers,there were significant differences in single fruit weight between Qianjiao 5112,Shila 6,and Guizun 4 when sprayed with the same concentration of selenium fertilizer.From this,it can be seen that there are differences in the sensitivity of different varieties of peppers to selenium fertilizer.Comparing the selenium content of peppers under different varieties and treatments,it was found that different varieties of peppers have different sun exposure levels,and their absorption of selenium varies.（3）The effect of foliar spraying selenium fertilizer on the quality of peppers.Different selenium application concentrations have a certain promoting effect on the increase of soluble protein,vitamin C content,and capsaicin content in peppers.With the increase of selenium application concentration,,vitamin C content,and capsaicin content in peppers will gradually increase.at a selenium fertilizer concentration of 20 mg L^-1,it will have an inhibitory effect on the soluble protein,vitamin C content,and capsaicin content in peppers;The content of reducing sugars in peppers showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with different selenium concentrations.With the increase of selenium application concentration,the content of reducing sugars in peppers gradually increased.However,at a selenium fertilizer concentration of 20 mg L^-1,the content of reducing sugars in each pepper increased to the highest value in this experiment,indicating that selenium can increase the sugar content of peppers.（4）The effect of foliar selenium spraying on organic selenium in edible parts of peppers.Three different varieties of peppers,Shila 6,Qianjiao 5112,and Guizun 4,were sprayed with selenite and selenite on their leaves.The changes in organic selenium content in the edible parts of the peppers were consistent with the changes in total selenium content,indicating that the selenite treatment was significantly higher than the selenite treatment.Under different selenium source treatments,there was no significant difference in the conversion rate of organic selenium in the edible parts of peppers from three different varieties:Shila 6,Qianjiao 5112,and Guizun 4.The conversion rate of organic selenium in peppers is relatively high,with the highest being over 73%.（5）The effective bioavailability of selenium in peppers by spraying selenium.The changes in effective bioavailability of selenium in peppers sprayed with different selenium sources,including Shila 6,Qianjiao 5112,and Guizun 4,are similar.Under the treatment of selenite,the effective bioavailability of selenium in peppers is relatively low,ranging from2.4%to 3.3%.Among them,the effective bioavailability of Shila 6 peppers is 2.43%,Qianjiao 5112 peppers is 3.23%,and Guizun 4 peppers is 3.07%;Under selenate treatment,the effective bioavailability was relatively high,ranging from 6.3%to 8.7%.Among them,the effective bioavailability of Shila 6 pepper was 6.34%,Qianjiao 5112 pepper was 7.21%,and Guizun 4 pepper was 8.53%.The effective bioavailability of selenium in three types of peppers sprayed with selenite was 2.6,2.32,and 2.78 times higher than that sprayed with selenite,with significant differences.