Design And Research On Key Components Of Tobacco Straw Cleaning Machinery In Field

In this Dissertation,a new type of field straw cleaning machine is designed for the problems of low efficiency and poor adaptability of the existing field straw cleaning machine.The machine adopts a self-propelled model and consists of key components such as clamping and stalk-pulling device and loosening shovel,which can complete a series of cleaning operations such as loosening,stalk-pulling and collecting of double-monopoly at one time,and the key components are designed.Combining theoretical analysis and simulation tests,the research determined the key structure and relevant parameters of the machine design,based on which the prototype was manufactured and tested in the field,and the main research was as follows:(1)Research on the physical and mechanical properties of tobacco field soil,tobacco straw and tobacco roots.By measuring the firmness,moisture content and vertical lifting force of tobacco stalks in the field,we can provide basic data and support for the design of key components such as loosening shovel of tobacco stalk cleaning machine in the field,By studying the mechanical characteristics such as root pulling force and root cutting force,we analyze the causes of root breakage often caused by the current field stalk cleaning machine,and provide reference for the field stalk cleaning machine clamping and pulling device.(2)Overall design and research of field stalk cleaning machine.Through the study of tobacco planting agronomy and design requirements,the overall structure of the machine is determined;the overall transmission scheme of the machine is designed,the transmission ratio of relevant components is calculated,and the overall main parameters of the machine are determined;the hydraulic system is designed,the parameters of hydraulic components are determined,and the hydraulic component models are selected;the power matching of the machine is calculated and analyzed,and the corresponding power of the engine is selected according to the demand of the machine.(3)Design and research of key components of field straw cleaning machinery.By comparing and analyzing the operational performance of different types of key components,the type of key components is determined;the structure of key components is designed,and the relevant structural parameters of key components are determined;the dynamics analysis of key components is carried out,and the force analysis of the clamping and culm-pulling device on the culm in different states is studied,as well as the influence of the physical and mechanical properties of the soil on the operating resistance of the loosening shovel;the key parameters of the loosening shovel are Simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the key parameters of the shovel,including the depth of entry,angle of entry and angle of tension of the shovel,and the evaluation indexes of soil disturbance effect and tillage resistance of the shovel were analyzed through the tillage ratio resistance.For the integrated indexes of tillage resistance of straw loosening shovel,the operating depth A is extremely different > entering angle B is extremely different >tilting angle C is extremely different,among which the operating depth factor has a significant influence.(4)The effect of field straw clearing and tillage is very significant,the effect of entry angle is significant,and the effect of tension angle is not significant.(4)Field trial of tobacco stalk cleaning machinery in the field.The factors affecting the stalk removal rate were analyzed through the single-factor field test,namely the forward speed of the machinery,the transmission speed of the clamping belt and the clamping height,and the optimal working parameters of the machinery were determined through the multi-factor field test: the forward speed of the cleaning machinery was 0.4m/s,the transmission speed of the clamping belt was 0.58m/s and the clamping height was0.43 m.Through the ANOVA,it was found that the forward speed of the cleaning machinery and the transmission speed of the clamping belt were both significant.Through ANOVA,it was found that the forward speed of the cleaning machine and the transmission speed of the clamping belt both had a highly significant effect on the stalk plucking rate,and the clamping height factor had a significant effect.Finally,the machine with the best working parameters was tested in the field,and the average extraction rate in the field test was 93.0% > 85% of the test index,which was in line with the evaluation index of the whole machine operation.The research analysis shows that the field straw cleaning machinery basically meets the operational requirements and the structural parameters of the prototype are reasonable,which lays the foundation for the next development of the straw cleaning machinery and has certain reference value for related machinery.