Screening Of Genes Related To Camel Hair Production Traits In Sonid Bactrian Camel Based On Whole Genome Resequencing

Camels are one of the major livestock in China and are unique livestock in desert and semi-desert areas with high economic value.Sonid Bactrian camel,is one of the existing camel varieties in China with large body,high camel hair yield and good performance.Camel wool textiles are soft,elastic and warm,and their prices have been rising with market demand.However,in recent years,due to grassland degradation,unscientific breeding management,backward disease prevention and control measures,the camel industry in Inner Mongolia has been depressed.In addition,the Sonid Bactrian camel population is small,phenotype records are incomplete,and breeding research is almost blank.There are no reports on the use of resequencing technology to study selection signals in Sonid Bactrian camels.Therefore,this study conducted whole genome resequencing of 35 Sonid Bactrian camels,including 25 from Sonid Youqi and10 from Sonid Zuoqi,combined with public data of other camel breeds to analyze population structure and selection signals,and screened candidate genes related to wool production.The results are as follows:(1)Whole genome resequencing of 35 Sonid Bactrian camels identified over 15 million single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)sites compared with the camel reference genome(BCGSAC＿Cfer＿1.0).After variant quality control,more than 7.5 million SNP sites were finally obtained.By analyzing the genetic structure of the population and estimating the genetic parameters of the population,the results showed that there was a clear distinction between Sonid Bactrian camel and other domestic Bactrian camels.(2)Comparative analysis of variation information among Sonid Bactrian camels,wild camels and domestic camels.The sliding window size was 50 kb and the sliding step size was 25 kb.The selection signal analysis was performed by calculating the population differentiation indicator,genome heterozygosity and extended haplotype homozygosity between populations.Seven candidate genes(YY1、EZH2、FGF5、PRL、FBXL3、SFXN1、TCF3)that may be related to hair follicle development were screened.In summary,the results of this study provide guidance for exploring the camel hair production traits in Sonid Bactrian camels,analyzing its regulatory mechanism,and promoting the breeding of Sonid Bactrian camel.