Optimization And Application Of Grassland-livestock Balance Model For Family Ranch

As an important part of the global terrestrial vegetation ecosystem,grassland ecosystem is of great significance for protecting biodiversity and maintaining ecological barrier security.For a long time,due to overgrazing,heavy mowing and other human reasons and natural causes such as sandstorms,the grassland ecological environment has been deteriorating,and it has also seriously hindered the development of animal husbandry economy.As a new type of main body of grassland animal husbandry development,the balance between grass and livestock depends on the matching degree between the production scale of family pasture and the grass yield of pasture.Therefore,it is an inevitable requirement to promote the sustainable development of grassland animal husbandry to find out the balance of grassland and livestock and systematically allocate grassland and livestock resources.In this paper,the family ranch of meadow steppe in Xinbaerhu Right Banner of Inner Mongolia is taken as the research object.Using the family ranch survey,grassland vegetation and livestock weight monitoring data,based on the average value of the family ranch grassland area and the total amount of livestock in the test area,the average stocking rate of the local family ranch is calculated to construct a typical herdsman,and the grassland-livestock balance status of the typical herdsman is simulated and analyzed.According to the local stocking rate level,three family pastures were selected to simulate and optimize the grassland-livestock balance model.The cubic spline interpolation function is used to optimize the simulation algorithm of livestock weight in the sub-module of livestock energy demand,and the mean square error is used to test.The meteorological factor-effective accumulated temperature was added to the calculation process of forage growth rate in the forage energy supply sub-module,and the linear regression model was used for simulation,test and optimization.The optimized grassland-livestock balance model was used to simulate the grassland-livestock balance status of family pastures with different stocking rates.The results show that the annual energy of typical herdsmen in New Barag Right Banner is insufficient in winter and spring,and surplus in summer and autumn.With the increase of stocking rate,the energy supply and demand of grassland and livestock are increasingly unbalanced.The simulation effect of the cubic spline interpolation function using four interpolation nodes is better than the piecewise linear interpolation function with the same number of nodes,and the simulation effect of livestock weight is improved.The effective accumulated temperature had a significant effect on the growth rate of forage grass,and the linear regression model had a good simulation effect.In the grassland-livestock balance model optimized by different stocking rates,the grassland energy supply and livestock energy demand decreased,and the monthly average energy supply and demand difference was slightly different.The monthly average energy supply and demand difference of grassland-livestock with low stocking rate and high stocking rate decreased by 0.05MJ·SE-1·d-1 and 0.3MJ·SE-1·d-1,respectively.The monthly average energy supply and demand difference of grassland-livestock with medium stocking rate increased by 0.16MJ·SE-1·d-1.