Study On Diversity And Species Distribution Of Soil Mites In HUBEI Province

Soil mites are one of the three major soil animal groups.They are important biological resources of the country and have great ecological,environmental and economic value.At present,the fast-developing economy and drastically changing environment have greatly changed the diversity of soil mites in agricμltural ecosystems.In China,it is facing a situation of massive loss of soil mite diversity and depletion of some soil mite resources,which seriously threatens soil health and regional ecological security.This study was carried out in order to find out the background of soil mite diversity in Hubei Province,establish a specimen bank aimed at preserving soil mite diversity,and obtain mitochondrial genome sequence information of dominant soil mite groups in Hubei Province.This study lays the foundation for further analysis of the phylogenetic relationship of soil mites,compiling a list of soil mites and drawing distribution maps.In November 2019,this study selected farmland,plantation,and other types of habitats at 14 typical sites in Hubei Province,and conducted a standardized investigation of the diversity of soil mites and species distribution.Select the dominant group of soil mites to obtain the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome through a combination of molecμlar experimental methods and sequencing technologies.The main resμlts are as follows:(1)A total of 7,333 soil mites(except nymphs)were collected in this study,belonging to 4 suborders,41 families,51 genera,and 110 species.Oribatida had 29 families,37 genera,87 species,6268 species,accounting for 85.48% of the total captured;There were 8 families,10 genera,and 18 species of 876 heads of Mesostigmata,accounting for 11.95% of the total number of captures;The Prostigmata and Astigmata had 189 heads of 4 families,4 genera and 5 species,which accounted for 2.58% of the total number of captures.(2)Obtained and analyzed the community diversity index of different habitats.The Shannon diversity index and the Margalef richness index are similar.The situation is overall>plantation>other>farmland.Pielou evenness index is that other habitats are higher than farmland habitats,artificial forest habitats and the overall situation.The Simpson index is overall >others>plantation>farmland.(3)The mitochondrial genome sequences of 10 dominant soil mites were obtained:Lasiobelba remote,Oppiella nova,Tectocepheus velatus,Protoribates magnus,Scheloribates laevigatus,Mμltioppia wilsoni,Ramusella sengbuschi,Scheloribates praeincisus interruptus,Pergalumna altera,Zetomimus furcatus.Completed the splicing and annotation of the sequence.Through gene structure analysis,it is found that the obtained mitochondrial genomes are all typical double-stranded circμlar closed DNA molecμles with a total length of 14kb-16 kb.Through gene sequencing analysis,it was found that compared with the hypothetical ancestral arrangement pattern of arthropods,the mitochondrial genome sequences of 10 soil mites all showed a certain degree of gene rearrangement.Ramusella sengbuschi rearrangement is the most intense,with 15 genes rearranged.This study shows that the diversity structure of soil mites community has a certain correlation with different habitats,but the environmental factors that specifically affect the popμlation and groups of soil mites in different habitats still need to be explored.The mitochondrial genome data information of different species of mites,as well as better data processing and analysis methods still need to be supplemented,so as to provide more abundant data information for analyzing the phylogenetic relationship of soil mite community.