Study On The Changes Of Chemical Components Of Jerusalem Artichoke Tubers In The Saline Habitat

Jerusalem artichoke is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Helianthus in the Asteraceae family.It has the characteristics of tolerance to barrenness,salt and alkali,and less pests and diseases.Its tubers are rich in inulin,which can be used as raw materials for vegetables,feed and biomass energy,and has important economic value.In this study,"South Jerusalem artichoke No.1" was used as the research object.Two types of small molecular weight proteins were cloned and the expression changes were analyzed.The changes of chemical componentss at different stages of tuber development and the response to saline habitat were studied.The main results are as follows:1.Two types of genes,lectin and small heat shock protein(s Hsp)have been studied.(1)There are 12 cloned lectin genes.Bioinformatics analysis shows that these genes encode 145-333 amino acids;the protein isoelectric point is 4.96-5.23;according to the specific glycosyl binding domains,they are classified into three categories: 8 belong to of the JRL family(JRL),2 belong to the Snowdrop family(GNA),and 2 belong to the Euonymus family(EUL).Tissue expression analysis showed that Ht JRL4/Ht GNA2 in roots,Ht JRL3 in stems,Ht JRL1 in leaves,Ht EUL1/2/Ht GNA2 in initial tubers and Ht JRL6 in mature tubers were more abundant.(2)There are 36 cloned s Hsp genes.Bioinformatics analysis shows that these genes encode 128-321 amino acids;they are all hydrophobic proteins;the isoelectric point is 5.09-5.25,which is slightly acidic;their secondary structure is mainly Random coils,the tertiary structure is mainly based on dimers.Tissue expression analysis showed that 1,1,5,16 and12 s Hsp genes were expressed in high levels in roots,stems,leaves,flowers and tubers,and only one s Hsp gene was expressed very low in various tissues.2.Tuber development is usually divided into four stages: stolon growth stage,tuber formation stage,tuber expansion stage and tuber maturity stage.The changes in various chemical componentss of Jerusalem artichoke tuber development at different stages under normal growth conditions(Xinyang Experimental Station)are analyzed Among them,the content of total sugars tends to increase gradually with the development of tubers.The content of fructose,glucose,sucrose,fructan and protein is the highest in the tuber expansion stage(total sugars 600mg/g DW);starch,cellulose,The pectin content is highest in the tuber mature stage.Metabolome data analysis shows that hormones,organic acids,vitamins,esters,and secondary metabolites all show different trends,and similar metabolites will also show opposite trends.During tuber development,the KEGG enrichment analysis of metabolites showed that pyruvate was significantly enriched in the pyruvate metabolic pathway,showing a trend of rising first and then falling;glucose,fructose and glucose 1-phosphate were significantly enriched in glycosylase The anabolism pathway showed a trend of first rising and then falling and first falling and then rising.Person analysis showed that the total sugar and other componentss had the most significant correlation,revealing that sugar plays a very important role in the development of tubers.3.In order to study the influence of saline-alkali land on the development of Jerusalem artichoke tubers,we compared the chemical composition of Jerusalem artichoke tubers at maturity stage under normal growth(Xinyang Experimental Station)and salt stress(Dafeng Elk Reserve and Dafeng Industrial Park).With the increase of salinity,the content of total sugar in Jerusalem artichoke tubers decreased significantly(400mg/g DW),the content of fructose and glucose increased,the content of sucrose,sucrose and pentasaccharide decreased,and the content of sucrose There was no significant change,the starch and pectin content gradually increased;the total protein content showed an increasing trend with the increase in salinity.Metabolome data analysis shows that hormones,organic acids,vitamins,esters,and secondary metabolites all show different trends,and similar metabolites will also show opposite trends.Under different salinity,KEGG enrichment analysis of metabolites showed that pyruvate was significantly enriched in the pyruvate metabolism pathway,showing a downward trend;glucose,1-phosphate glucose sugar and fructose were significantly enriched in glycolysis There is an upward and downward trend in metabolic pathways.Person analysis shows that total sugars have the most significant correlation with other componentss,revealing that sugar plays a very important role in the development of tubers.The above results have broadened the research on the development mechanism of Jerusalem artichoke tubers,and laid the foundation for the future cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke varieties suitable for saline soil.