Research And Countermeasures On Protection Policy Of Local Rice Varieties In Yuanjiang County

The loss of individual rice is accelerating globally,and the protection of individual rice has the functions of ensuring national food security,promoting national economic development,and inheriting Chinese agricultural civilization.Thus,the individual rice needs targeted protection policies urgently.In this study,the NVivo was used to sort out the documents related to the protection of individual rice,then the field survey and interview records carried out in Yuanjiang County were integrated to analyze the sore points in germplasm resource collection,individual rice planting and product sales.At the same time,the Logit model was constructed to measure the influencing factors and significative degrees between farmers’ willingness and behavior in Yuanjiang County to resume planting individual rice.This study provided a theoretical and empirical basis for the formulation and introduction of individual rice protection policies,and enhanced the implementation effect of protection.The main findings are as follows:(1)The analysis of policy text found that there were deficiencies in the existing local variety rice protection policies.First,the level of policy effectiveness is low.Second,the specific tasks and responsible subjects of protection were not clear.Third,there was a lack of authoritative and comprehensive administrative regulations on the protection of local varieties.Fourth,the content related to local varieties of rice was fragmented.Fifth,the policy does not pay enough attention to the protection of local varieties of rice.Local variety protection policies pay more attention to livestock,poultry and crops,but more attention was paid to local varieties of vegetables and fruits in agricultural items.Sixth,there were deficiencies in policy mobilization of stakeholder participation.There was little mention of social forces such as agricultural cooperatives,social welfare organizations,and NGOs in policy documents.Seventh,the policy does not encourage farmers to plant local varieties of rice.Although government documents focus on farmers’ participation,the policy lacks specific protection actions and clear financial support for farmers.Eighth,the purpose of the policy of protecting local varieties of rice was unbalanced."Organization" purposes accounted for the highest proportion,followed by "seed source" protection purposes,and "in situ" protection accounted for the least.(2)Field investigation found existing problems in the protection of local varieties of rice.There were three problems in the collection of local rice germplasm resources: First,local rice varieties were scattered,and it was difficult to collect and collect statistics.Second,farmers keep their own rice seeds,and the varieties and scientific names were difficult to determine,and the workload of genetic identification was large;Third,the conditions of crop resources conservation facilities in Yunnan Province were general,and the safety risks of storing local varieties of rice germplasm resources were relatively large.The pain points of local varieties of rice planting were: First,due to the characteristics of local varieties of rice itself that were not resistant to fertilizer,drug resistance,susceptibility to disease and lodging,their planting risks were relatively large,and there is a possibility that the grain will not be harvested.Second,the yield of local varieties of rice per mu was small,and the reputation of niche colored rice was not large,resulting in the economic benefits of local varieties of rice being very unstable and the enthusiasm of farmers for planting was frustrated.Third,there was widespread labor loss,hollowing out and aging of rural areas,and lack of local rice planting subjects;Fourth,the incentive measures for the resumption of planting of local varieties of rice were difficult to mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm for resuming planting.Pain points in the sales of local varieties of rice and its rice products: First,the sales system was not perfect,and the sales channels were not fully opened.Small products have a small reputation and have a market risk of slow sales;Second,the product has not formed standards for planting,processing and other links,which makes it difficult for products to apply for organic and ecological products,which was not conducive to the improvement of product added value.(3)Empirical survey data from Yuanjiang County show that there was a contradiction between the willingness and behavior of farmers in Yuanjiang County to participate in the protection of local varieties of rice.By establishing a binary logit regression model,the author found significant variables influencing the occurrence of paradox,and the order of influence intensity of each factor was:farmers’ food security value cognition,farmers’ employment,farmers’ trust in policies and regulations,farmers’ education level,farmers’ trust in neighbors’ relatives and friends,farmers’ household support coefficient,and government publicity strength.In view of the above problems,this paper puts forward policy optimization suggestions of "building a participatory management mechanism and charter for local varieties of rice" and "saving and improving relevant policy support for local varieties of rice".