Research On The Factors Influencing The Priority Of Forest Farmers’ Forestry Employment Policy Demands In Shaanxi Province

The Fourteenth Five-Year Plan proposes to speed up the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic general cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other,an important part of which is to expand employment,promote employment,and promote the prosperity of various domestic industries.No.1 central document for 2021 points out that the promotion and expansion of farmers’ employment should be continuously realized.Forestry and grass industry is the basic industry of the national economy,and forestry has long had a prominent contribution and role in the employment of farmers and in absorbing labor force employment.The development of forestry and grass industry has played an active role in consolidating rural employment and promoting farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich.The reform of the collective forestry right system has achieved better results,but the comprehensive benefits of collective forestry are not high,forest farmers and social capital to operate forest land is not high,how to improve the participation of forest farmers in forestry is the current urgent problem to be solved.This paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework based on relevant theories such as hierarchy of needs theory,incentive theory,resource allocation theory,public policy theory,and farmer behavior theory.Using field research data in Shaanxi Province,we describe and analyze the differences in personal characteristics,family characteristics and employment characteristics of forest area farmers.Then,we describe and analyze the employment policy demand of forestry farmers in the research data,and use the total score ranking method and Cluster analysis method to obtain the priority order of farmers’ forestry employment policy demand;finally,based on the policy demand and farmers’ characteristics in the data,we use Multiple logistic model to analyze the influence of forestry farmers’ personal characteristics,family characteristics and forestry employment characteristics on forestry employment policy demand.The main findings are as follows.(1)Through Cluster analysis and total score ranking method,the priority order of demand for forestry employment policies among farmers in the sample forest areas was obtained as follows: the first level was forest economy policy,the second level was forestry employment technical service policy,the third level was forestry key project construction,the fourth level was forestry industry policy,the fifth level was forestry poverty alleviation employment policy,and the sixth level was forest management and conservation policy.Among them,the first level of cluster analysis is the first and second,the second level is the third and fourth,and the third level is the fifth and sixth.(2)Farmers’ personal characteristics,household characteristics and forestry employment characteristics all have an impact on the demand for forestry employment policy,and the demand for forest economy policy is more significantly and positively influenced by the age and education level of the household head,the number of household labor,contracting economic forests,working in forestry and operating forest economy,and more significantly and negatively influenced by forestry income,with operating forest economy having the most significant impact on the demand for this policy.The demand for this policy is most significant.Forestry employment technical service policy is positively influenced by the education level of the household head,contracted economic forestry and forestry part-time work,and negatively influenced by forestry income and age of the household head.The demand for forestry management policy is negatively influenced by the level of forestry income and the employment of forestry workers.The demand for forestry industry policies is particularly affected by the employment of forestry workers.Combining the findings of the study,the following recommendations are made: to take the needs of forest area farmers as the guide and implement forestry employment policies according to the characteristics of farmers;to provide guidance on forest economy development according to local conditions and further improve forest economy development policies;to improve the forestry technical service system and enhance the ability of forest area farmers to participate in forestry employment;to continue to promote forestry industry development and enrich the forms of forest area farmers’ employment;to optimize poverty alleviation employment policies and improve the standard of management and care subsidies.