Investigation On The Infection Of Giardia And Blastocystis SP. In The Duodenum Of Tarim Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus) In Partial Regions Of Xinjiang

Tarim red deer belongs to the unique subspecies of red deer in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.In recent years,as a special economic animal in the region,the scale of artificial breeding has become increasingly large,with high medicinal and economic value.Giardia duodenalis and Blastcystis sp.are common zoonotic intestinal pathogens,mainly transmitted through the "fecal oral route",causing symptoms such as diarrhea,vomiting,weight loss,and delayed growth and development in humans and animals.In order to understand the infection status of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis in some parts of Xinjiang’s Tarim red deer,this study investigated the infection status of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis in some parts of Xinjiang’s Tarim red deer using molecular biology methods,grasped their species and subtype distribution characteristics,and provided basic reference materials for the prevention and control of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis diseases in deer family animals in China.(1)In order to understand the infection of Giardia duodenalis in Tarim wapiti and the distribution characteristics of its aggregates,880 stool DNA samples from Tarim wapiti were detected by PCR based on the triose phosphate isomerase(tpi)gene locus in 14 breeding farms in some areas of Xinjiang.The results showed that the infection rate of duodenal giardia in Tarim red deer in some areas of Xinjiang was 1.48%(13/880).Among the 14 sampling points,6 sites detected giardia,with infection rates ranging from 0.45% to 15.69%.Among them,the infection rate of Tarim red deer in the 31 st group was the highest at 15.69%(8/51),and the infection rate of Tarim red deer in Tiemenguan City was the lowest at 0.45%(1/222);The infection rate of Giardia duodenalis in Tarim red deer at different sampling points showed significant statistical differences(P<0.01)< The infection rates of 3 month old,3-6month old,6-12 month old,12-24 month old,>24 month old,underage,and adult Tarim red deer against Blastocystis protozoa were 1.47%,0,1.10%,0,2.60%,0.61%,and 2.60%,respectively.Among them,the infection rates of 3-6 month old and 12-24 month old Tarim red deer against Giardia duodenalis were the lowest,all of which were 0 The highest infection rate of Giardia duodenalis was found in 24 month old Tarim red deer,at 2.60%;The infection rate of Giardia duodenalis in Tarim red deer at different age stages showed significant differences(P<0.05).Thirteen positive PCR products were sequenced and identified as aggregates A and B.The research results suggest that the duodenal giardia of Tarim red deer in some areas of Xinjiang has a high risk of zoonotic and human co infection.(2)In order to understand the infection status and subtype distribution characteristics of the Tarim horse deer blastocyst protozoa,based on the SSU r RNA gene locus of the blastocyst protozoa,a PCR method was used to detect 880 fecal DNA samples of Tarim horse deer from14 breeding farms in some regions of Xinjiang.The results showed that the infection rate of Blastocystis in some areas of Xinjiang was 29.89%(263/880).In all 14 sampling points,Blastocystis was detected,with infection rates ranging from 8.77% to 72.73%.Among them,the infection rate of Tarim red deer in Group 21 was the highest at 72.73%(8/11),while the infection rate of Tarim red deer in Tiemenguan City was the lowest at 8.77%(5/57);There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.01)in the infection rate of Burkholderia in different sampling points of Tarim horse deer< The infection rates of 3 month old,3-6 month old,6-12 month old,12-24 month old,>24 month old,underage,and adult Tarim red deer against blastocyst protozoa were 22.06%,14.71%,37.57%,28.77%,29.61%,30.10%,and29.61%,respectively.Among them,the infection rate of 3-6 month old Tarim red deer against blastocyst protozoa was the lowest,at 14.71%;Tarim red deer aged 6-12 months have the highest infection rate of Blastocystis,at 37.5%.There was no significant statistical difference in the infection rate of Tarim red deer to Blastocystis at different age stages(P>0.05).By sequencing 263 positive PCR products,11 subtypes of Blastocystis were identified,including ST1(n=9),ST7(n=1),ST10(n=63),ST14(n=27),ST21(n=60),ST23(n=18),ST24(n=56),ST25(n=5),ST26(n=15),ST30(n=8),and ST32(n=1).The research results suggest that some regions of Xinjiang have a higher infection rate of the Tarim horse deer budworm,indicating subtype genetic diversity.In summary,in some areas of Xinjiang,the infection rate of Giardia duodenalis in Tarim red deer is relatively low,but they are all zoonotic aggregations with high risk;The infection rate of Blastocystis is relatively high,exhibiting genetic diversity distribution characteristics,with subtype ST10 as the dominant infection subtype.The research results provide basic reference materials for the prevention and epidemiological investigation of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis diseases in deer family animals in China.