| Cervus elaphus yarkandensis can adapt to the desertification living environment highly.It is the endemic subspecies of red deer in Xinjiang.It is mainly distributed in the desert and semi-desert areas of southern Xinjiang in China.In the desert ecological environment,ticks are easy to breed,and can cause the occurrence of tick-borne diseases,result of the decline of animal performance even death.In order to understand the surface ticks,environmental ticks and the status of the pathogen carried in ticks of C e yarkandensis in the Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture area.The species and genotype distribution of ticks were identified by morphological and molecular biological identification.At the same time,the PCR method was used to detect the infection of the pathogen carried in ticks.1.Collecting 69 ticks from a C e yarkandensis farm in Yuli County,31 ticks on the surface of the C e yarkandensis and 38 environmental ticks in the farm.Using a stereo microscope for morphological observation and the observation found that 69 samples all belong to Hyalomma.Extracting whole genome DNA and amplified by PCR based on the SSU rDNA gene locus.The final result 5 sequences were successfully obtained.After sequence comparison,51 of the 69 Ixodes samples belong to H.asiaticum and there are 4 gene sequences,type1(n=9),type2(n=40),type3(n=1)and type4(n=1),the homology with the login number KF527439.1,KU364378,MH447263 and KX882099 of H.asiaticum from Xinjiang source was 100%,respectively;18 samples belong to H.detritum have 100%homology with Xinjiang source H.detritum(KC203349).2.Collecting 48 ticks on the surface of the C e yarkandensis from a C e yarkandensis farm in Ruoqiang County.Using a stereo microscope for morphological observation and the observation found that48 samples all belong to Ornithodoros.20 ticks were extracted whole genome DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR based on the SSU rDNA and COXI gene locus,and 1 sequence were successfully obtained.The conclusion is that based on the SSU rDNA gene locus,and 20 samples belong to O.lahorensis,and have 100% homology with Xinjiang source O.lahorensis(KX53087.4).The DNA of 20 samples based on the COXI gene locus have 100% homology with Xinjiang source O.lahorensis(KX530870.1).3.Detection of Piroplasma and Rickettsiales in DNA samples in 89 ticks(69 hard ticks and 20 soft ticks)by PCR universal primers based on Piroplasma and Rickettsiales SSU rrNA gene locas.Also with 7kinds of Theileria and 4 kinds of Anaplasma species-specific.The conclusion is that,6 samples tested positive for pathogens,with a total possitioe rate of 6.7%(6/89).Through sequence aligmment analysis,4samples were indentified as pathogens among them,3 samples and 1samples were positive for Theileria capreoli and Anaplasmasp sp,respectively.2 samples were non-pathogenic Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii,4 pathogens belonged to 69 ticks in Yuli County.No pathogen was detected in 20 ticks in Ruoqiang County,the positive rate of on the surface ticks on the body surface and in the environment was9.8%(5/51)and 2.6%(1/38),respectively.In conclusion,H.asiaticum,H.detritum and O.lahorensis are the dominant tick species on the body surface of C e yarkandensis,H.asiaticum was dominant tick species in the surrounding environment;Local Ixodes can carry T.capreoli and Anaplasmasp sp,at the same time local Ixodes can carry non-pathogenic Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii and other pathogens..Through this study make us understand the surface ticks,environmental ticks and some status of the pathogen carried in ticks by C e yarkandensis in the Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture area.Hoping to provide the basic reference materials for the prevention and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases in the C e yarkandensis in China. |
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