| Cotton is not only China’s main fiber crop,but also an important cash crop.In recent years,with the transformation of China’s textile industry from low-end to high-end,the output and quality requirements for cotton fiber have become more stringent.Therefore,the simultaneous improvement of cotton yield and fiber quality is the primary goal of cotton breeding at present.Genotype×environment interaction analysis and genotype-based genetic diversity analysis based on genotype values were carried out by using the genetic model of y=μ+G+GE+ε of 1115 high-quality terrestrial cotton materials(upper half fiber length >30.00 mm,breaking ratio strength >30.00 c N/tex)planted in Alalken area of Xinjiang for three consecutive years.Stable and excellent germplasm materials were screened out,which provided a certain material and theoretical basis for cultivating germplasm with high yield,stable yield and excellent fiber quality.The main findings are as follows:1.Among the 1115 materials,the coefficients of variation of the four yield traits were,from largest to smallest: yield per lint > number of bells per plant > weight > clothing points per plant.The coefficients of variation of the five fiber quality traits were,from largest to smallest: Macron value > fracture ratio strength > average length > elongation of the upper half > uniformity index.2.Analysis of variance showed that the genotype variance and genotype × environment interaction variance of 4 yield traits and 5 fiber quality traits of 1115 test materials reached a very significant level.3.According to the genotype value,select a batch of outstanding materials such as S78,S97,S167,S201,S218,etc.4.The analysis of genotype × environmental interaction effects showed that the elongation was least affected by the genotype × environmental interaction effects.The yield of lint plants per plant is most affected by genotype × environmental interactions.5.The correlation analysis results show that there is a complex correlation between cotton yield traits and fiber quality traits.The number of bells per plant and the yield of lint per plant were positively correlated with the value of Macron.The single bell weight was positively correlated with the elongation,average length of the upper half,uniformity index,and breaking ratio strength and the single bell weight.There was a significant positive correlation between the cladding score and the Macron value,and the average length,fracture ratio,strength and elongation of the upper half were negatively correlated.The yield of lint per plant was positively correlated with elongation.6.S167,S103,S557 and other high-quality land cotton materials with comprehensive performance were selected through the principal component score.7.The results of stepwise regression analysis and general analysis showed that 97.1% variation in the yield of lint cotton per plant was determined by the number of bells per plant,the weight of a single bell and the clothing point.The 50.9% variation in the average length of the upper half was determined by elongation,Macron value,clothing fraction,yield per lint,and uniformity index.The indirect comprehensive effect of single bell weight on the yield of a single lint plant was the largest,and the indirect comprehensive effect of Macron value on the average length of the first half was the largest.8.Using Euclidean distance as the genetic distance,the Ward method divided 1115 parts of land cotton materials into 5 categories,and Class 1 contained 146 parts of materials,and its yield and quality traits were the best overall. |
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