Investigation And Analysis On The Development Of Mechanization In The Whole Process Of Rice Production

Since the 18 th National Congress of the Party,China has always regarded addressing the "three rural issues" as the focus of the entire party’s work.With the growing and diversified consumer demands,China has been continuously promoting high-quality agricultural development,implementing supply-side structural reforms in agriculture,and rural revitalization strategies.These policies have provided guidance for the future development of China’s agricultural products.The No.1 Central Document of 2021 mentioned accelerating the modernization of agriculture,and the development of agricultural modernization relies on the support of agricultural machinery and equipment.Although the mechanization level in most regions of the country is relatively advanced in activities such as field preparation and rice harvesting,the mechanization level in field management and planting processes of rice production remains low.This is a key issue in achieving full mechanization of rice production.Therefore,this study will take Chongqing Municipality as an example to investigate the current situation of the full process mechanization development of rice production in five districts and counties,and focus on analyzing the development of mechanization in the entire process of rice production.Against the backdrop of accelerating the advancement of agricultural modernization,this article determines the research direction and content,and constructs a research framework for the development of mechanization in rice production in Chongqing Municipality by reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literature,combining farmer behavior theory and technology diffusion theory.The study of the development status of mechanization in the entire process of rice production in Chongqing Municipality is conducted through literature research,questionnaire survey,and empirical research methods.By conducting on-site investigations of farmers in Wuxi County,Liangping District,Fuling District,Hechuan District,and Xiushan County of Chongqing Municipality,this article organizes the research data,establishes seemingly unrelated regression equations for verification analysis,and identifies significant factors influencing the level of mechanization in the entire process of rice production for farmers,including farmers’ education level,physical condition,the proportion of family agricultural labor,rice planting area,and land type.Among them,the proportion of family agricultural labor has a significant negative impact on farmers’ mechanization behavior in field preparation at a 5% level;rice planting area has a significant positive impact on farmers’ use of machinery in field preparation at a 1%level;rice planting area has a significant positive impact on farmers’ use of machinery in rice planting at a 1% level;farmers’ physical condition has a significant negative impact on farmers’ use of machinery in rice plant protection at a 10% level;rice planting area has a significant positive impact on farmers’ use of machinery in rice plant protection at a 1% level;education level has a significant positive impact on farmers’ machinery behavior in rice harvesting at a 1% level;physical condition has a significant negative impact on farmers’ machinery behavior in rice harvesting at a 5%level;rice planting area has a significant positive impact on farmers’ machinery behavior in rice harvesting at a 1% level;land type has a significant positive impact on farmers’ machinery behavior in rice harvesting at a 1% level.Based on the development of mechanization in rice production in Chongqing Municipality,this article proposes problems,analyzes the reasons,and provides the following policy recommendations: First,it is recommended to increase the promotion of rice production technologies;Second,promote the construction of high-standard farmland;Third,cultivate young talents in rice production mechanization;Fourth,encourage farmers to expand rice planting areas;Fifth,increase research and development efforts for rice machinery suitable for the hilly and mountainous areas of Chongqing Municipality.