Study On The Optimization Of The Process And Anti-diarrheal Effect Of Plantago Asiatica L.

Plantago asiatica L.(PAL)is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Plantago of the Plantaginaceae family.As a material of medicine food homologous,and the seeds and the whole grass can be used as medicine,with a long history of application.It has advantages such as rich resources,a wide distribution range,and low prices in China.In previous studies,PAL extract and its ultramicro powder were found to have anti-diarrhoeal effects,with luteolin and scutellarein as the pharmacodynamic material basis.However,the content of luteolin and scutellarin in PAL is not high,and PAL is cool-natured,which can easily damage the spleen and stomach.The present study is based on the processing theory of traditional Chinese medicine,and focuses on the changes in luteolin and scutellarein content and the anti-diarrheal effect of PAL before and after processing,providing a theoretical basis for the further clinical application of PAL.In this study,ultrasonic-assisted extraction of luteolin and scutellarein from PAL was conducted.First,the best processing method was selected from six different processing methods;Then,the single-factor experiment and Box-Behnken response surface method were used to design the experiment,and the comprehensive score of luteolin and scutellarein content was used as an evaluation index to determine the optimal processing technology.Then,LC-MS/MS was used to analyze the changes in the type and content of chemical components of PAL before and after processing.Finally,based on the successful construction of mouse stress and acute diarrhea models,compare the effects of PAL before and after processing on the two diarrhea models.Specific research results are as follows:(1)In this study,six different processing methods were used to process PAL,and the effects of different processing methods on the contents of luteolin and scutellarein in PAL were detected by HPLC to determine the best processing method.(2)Using luteolin and scutellarein in PAL as the index components,the optimal concoction process of PAL was optimized by combining the single-factor test with the response surface method.The optimum technological conditions were obtained as follows: stir-frying temperature of 160℃,stir-frying time of 6 min,and dosage of 15 g,and the comprehensive score reached the maximum of41.374.Under the processing conditions,the actual contents of luteolin and scutellarein in PAL were79.31±5.79 μg/g and 30.06±2.20 μg/g,and the corresponding comprehensive score was 41.280±1.00,which reached 99.78% of the predicted value.(3)The LC-MS/MS method was used to analyze the changes in the chemical components of PAL before and after processing.It was found that six components,including luteolin,scutellarein,luteolin-7-glucuronic acid,apigenin,eriodictyol,and scutellarin,changed during processing,and there were component transformations.The specific transformation mechanism needs further study.(4)The unprocessed PAL and the best-processed PAL were given to the mice models of irritability diarrhea and acute diarrhea by gavage,and the pathological changes of the small intestine of the two kinds of diarrhea mice were observed.The results showed that both unprocessed and best-processed PAL could reduce the number of diarrhea,and delay the time of initial diarrhea.But the best-processed PAL has a better anti-diarrhea effect,It could improve the villus height,recess depth,and intestinal mucosal integrity of irritable diarrhea mice and acute diarrhea mice to a greater extent than unprocessed PAL.The best-processed PAL can better inhibit TNF-α、IL-1β And IL-6 levels have a certain inhibitory effect on intestinal peristalsis.In summary,this study determined the best processing method of PAL,successfully optimized the best processing technology of PAL,and analyzed the processing mechanism of PAL Based on the successful establishment of stress diarrhea and acute diarrhea mouse models,it was found that the anti-diarrhea effect of the best-processed PAL was stronger than t unprocessed PAL.This study was conducted to optimize the concoction process of PAL from the theory of traditional Chinese medicine concoction and to provide new ideas for the further clinical use of PAL in the treatment of pig diarrhea diseases.