Construction Of Artificial Soil For Suitable Between Obstacle Conditioning And Tomato Growth

Barrier soil can be improved by adding different materials to make it to supplement or enhance the loss of nutrients in the barrier soil.The artificial soil is constructed using the commonly used materials in the matrix,which makes the constructed’Soil’function as water and fertilizer retention and adjustment of soil acidity and alkalinity.The development of matrix resources can promote agricultural modernization and achieve the recycling of natural resources.This paper selects cinnamon soil,acid soil and saline-alkali soil as the research objects.Firstly,through the orthogonal experiment,L₉（3³）orthogonal table was designed to screen different materials and concentrations.Pot experiments were designed using range analysis,variance analysis,and the queuing scoring method to determine the optimal proportion of the soil matrix.Secondly,constructed artificial soil of water and carbon conservation,improved acid soil and improved saline-alkali soil,the physical and chemical properties of three kinds of functional artificial soils,the physiological indexes and yields of tomato seedlings during the growing period were determined to explore the applicability,security and adaptability of the artificial soils to crops,the main results are as follows:（1）The orthogonal test screened different materials and their concentrations.The optimum ratio was determined based on each soil index’s comprehensive score and the crop index’s comprehensive analysis.The optimum proportion of water-retaining and carbon-fixing artificial soil matrix was 5 g/kg chitosan-modified biochar,0.05%water-retaining agent and 0.10 g/kg bacillus subtilis,the order of influencing the index of strong seedling was bacillus subtilis>chitosan modified biochar>water-retaining agent.The optimum combination of the improved acidic soil was 10 g/kg alkaline modified biochar and 0.10 g/kg bacillus subtilis,and the comprehensive score of each soil index was the highest,which was 97.0,the order of influencing factors was alkali modified biochar>dolomite powder>bacillus subtilis.The modified saline-alkali soil was composed of 10 g/kg acid-modified biochar,2 g/kg desulphurization gypsum and 0.05 g/kg bacillus subtilis.The comprehensive score of each soil index was the highest（112.0）,and the order of influencing factors was acid modified biochar>bacillus subtilis>desulphurization gypsum.At the same time,20 g/kg organic material,0.50 g/kg potassium fulvate and 5 g/kg vermicompost were added.（2）The artificial soil was constructed using the optimal artificial soil substrate formulation to have a substrate layer,a percolation layer,and a water storage layer similar to natural soil,with a volume ratio of 6:2:3.Compared with the control group,the field water holding capacity and organic carbon content of the three functional artificial soils increased by 31.10%and 51.01%respectively（p<0.05）,compared with the control group,the p H of the modified acidic soil increased by21.95%,and the p H of the modified saline-alkaline soil decreased by 8.62%.The contents of ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were increased significantly in the soil of water and carbon retention type and improved acid soil type the content of ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the improved saline-alkali soil increased significantly.The content of heavy metals in the functional artificial soil was lower than the soil environmental quality control standard.At the same time,the germination index of tomato planted in the functional artificial soil was higher than 85%,which had no toxic effect on crops.（3）In the study of artificial soil and crop adaptability,three kinds of functional artificial soil significantly affected on crop growth and yield.The artificial soil with water and carbon retention significantly increased the plant height,stem diameter,andshoot fresh weight,and significantly increased yield and crop uptake of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium by 81.24%,34.90%,72.49%and 6.67%respectively.The improved acid soil improved plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll content,nitrogen and potassium uptake,yield by 55.53%,26.44%,and 9.24%,respectively.The above-ground fresh weight,total nitrogen,and crop yield were increased by 46.83%,103.04%and 30.96%in the improved saline-alkali soil.In a word,the construction of functional artificial soil can regulate the obstacles of cinnamon soil,acid soil and saline-alkali soil,satisfy the environmental conditions of crop growth and development,and have no toxic effect.This study provides a theoretical basis for matching crops and functional artificial soils.