Study On The Influence Of Part-Time Farming On Green Manure Cultivation

Due to the excessive input and inefficient application of chemical fertilizers,pesticides and agricultural films,the problems of rural environmental pollution and soil ecological degradation are becoming increasingly serious.It is necessary to reduce the reliance on excessive application of chemical fertilizers,reduce the intensity of agricultural chemical inputs,and mitigate rural environmental pollution.Green manure can not only replace chemical fertilizers,but also alleviate agricultural pollution and improve ecological environment,which is an important green production method in agricultural development.Rapidly restoring and developing green manure cultivation and giving full play to the traditional advantages of green manure resources is an effective means to promote green agricultural development.At present,green manure has not yet formed a large area for systematic planting and promotion,because farmers generally lack enthusiasm for green manure planting and face many practical difficulties in improving the efficiency of green manure promotion.In recent years,with the steady improvement of China’s urbanization level,farmers are gradually leaving the land and moving to non-agricultural industries,and parttime farming has become a common phenomenon in China’s rural areas.There is no unified conclusion on the impact of farming on agricultural production,and the impact on green manure cultivation has been profound and complex.On the one hand,the shift of farm household labor to non-farm industries may lead to a decrease in the quality and quantity of agricultural labor,which affects the decision of green manure cultivation behavior.On the other hand,the part-time employment of farmers improves the household income,which helps to relieve the financial constraints of farmers’ agricultural production and facilitates green manure cultivation.Based on this background,this thesis constructs an econometric model to analyze the influence of farm household part-time farming on farm households’ green manure planting behavior and the mechanism of its effect,using the farm household samples in the database of Zhejiang University and the database of Southwest University of Finance and Economics.This study was conducted to analyze the effect of farm household diversification on green manure planting behavior and its mechanism,and to provide a theoretical reference for farmers’ green production behavior,especially green manure planting behavior.(1)In this thesis,the key explanatory variables were whether farmers were part-time and the proportion of part-time income,and a Probit model was constructed to examine the effects of farmers’ part-time behavior and part-time degree on green manure planting behavior.The results showed that both part-time farming behavior and part-time farming degree had a significant negative effect on green manure planting behavior,and the adoption of green manure planting behavior by part-time farming households decreased with the increase of part-time farming degree.(2)This thesis further explores the heterogeneous effects of part-time farming on green manure cultivation behavior among different farm groups in terms of operation size,labor force size,and net farm income.The results show that the expansion of farming scale will offset to a certain extent the negative effect of part-time farming on green manure cultivation behavior;for farmers with scarce household labor resources,the "demographic effect" of parttime farming on green manure cultivation behavior is more obvious;with the increase of farm income,the negative effect of part-time farming is no longer significant to a certain extent.The negative effect of part-time farming is no longer significant to a certain extent.(3)The thesis also examined the "demographic effect" and "income effect" of farm household part-time farming,and the results showed that the impact of farm household parttime farming on the implementation of green manure planting behavior was mainly reflected in the negative "demographic effect" and the negative "income effect".The results show that the impact of farm households’ double cropping on the implementation of green manure cultivation behavior is mainly reflected in the negative "population effect" and the negative "income effect".The "demographic effect" is twofold: the decrease in the "quantity" of agricultural labor and the decrease in the "quality" of agricultural labor.The "income effect" is reflected in the significant positive effect of the degree of part-time employment on total household income,and the significant negative effect on mechanized inputs and hired inputs,indicating that although part-time employment of farmers raises the level of household income,it does not increase the capital investment in agricultural production.Based on the above main conclusions,this thesis draws the following insights.First,we attach importance to the development of part-time farm households,improve the employment guarantee mechanism of rural labor,and further improve the rural labor market.Provide farmers with differentiated skills training and technical guidance,broaden employment channels for farmers in rural localities,and improve the social security system in rural areas to provide employment protection for farmers.Second,promote the development of mechanization and specialization in agricultural production,vigorously develop new agricultural business entities,and establish demonstration bases for green manure cultivation.Encourage farmers to organize to jointly purchase and use agricultural machinery to reduce the production cost of green fertilizer planting.The establishment of green fertilizer planting demonstration bases,through the construction and promotion of demonstration bases,to guide farmers to understand and master the green fertilizer planting technology,and actively promote the planting of green fertilizer crops.Third,popularize the knowledge of green fertilizer planting,strengthen agricultural technology training,and use Internet technology to build an agricultural technology information platform.To carry out agricultural technology training projects according to local conditions,establish a complete post-agricultural technology training guidance service system,help farmers apply the knowledge they have learned to actual production and improve the efficiency of agricultural production.