Study Of Cooperative Grazing Behavior Pattern And Its Influencing Factors In MaQu Region

Cooperation is a common way of social interaction.Through cooperation,individuals often gain more benefit than when they act alone.However,because one party often violates the contract during cooperation,which brings great challenges to maintenance of cooperative behavior.Behaviorists have put forward many theories to explain the mechanism of maintaining cooperative behavior,such as direct reciprocity,indirect reciprocity,kin selection and so on.These theories are usually put forward based on mathematical models or experiments designed in the laboratory,and there are few actual research data to demonstrate this issue.In order to explore the evolution of cooperative behavior in real life deeply,we conducted behavioral ecology data collection and model construction in Jillehe village and Tawa village in Maqu region.By analyzing 144 individuals in Jillehe Village and the 15,271 relationships among them,170 individuals in Tawa village,and 22,906 relationships we study the effects of age,gender,joint,economy,relative needs and kinship on human cooperative behavior.The results show that: 1.In terms of individual’s cooperation tendency,age and joint household group in Jillehe and Tawa villages have a common influence on herdsmen’s helping behavior,which is,older herdsmen are more inclined to offer more help,and the factors that are different are gender,economy and relative needs.There is no difference between male and female in Jillehe village in the tendency to offer help.There is no difference in the help provided by herdsmen with different economic levels,and herdsmen with higher needs provide more help.Tawa men provide more help,people with high economic level provide more help,the relative need does not affect the herdsmen to provide help;2.In terms of partner selection,gender,joint and kinship have the same influence on the establishment of cooperative relationship between individuals in Jillehe village and Tawa village.Herdsmen prefer to choose individuals with the same gender,same joint group and kin as partners,and the differences between the two places are reflected in age,relative demand and economy.The herdsmen in Jillehe village have no preference of age in the process of partner selection,and will cooperate with individuals with large relative demand gap.Economy has no influence on the choice of herdsmen partner.The herdsmen in Tawa village will choose to establish cooperative relations with individuals with large age gap,similar needs and large economic level gap.We use social network analysis and generalized linear model to study the cooperative behavior pattern in Maqu region from the aspects of age and gender et al.By using the theories and methods of human behavioral ecology,we study the individual cooperative tendency and the choice of cooperative partners,which provides certain support for how cooperative behavior maintains stability under the influence of social and cultural environment.