Effect Of Prohexadione Calcium On Growth And Yield Of High Oleic Acid Peanut

In order to explore the regulatory effects of spraying different doses of prohexadione calcium at different periods on high oleic acid peanut,the high oleic acid peanut variety Huayu 963 and ordinary peanut variety Shanhua 9 were selected as experimental materials,and two spraying periods(early flowering and end of full bloom)and three spraying amounts(150 g/hm~2、300 g/hm~2、450 g/hm~2)were set,with spraying water as the control.The effects of prohexadione calcium on the nutritional growth,physiological characteristics,yield and quality of peanut were studied,and the suitable spraying period and spraying amounts of prohexadione calcium were determined.The main results are as follows:1.Effects of prohexadione calcium on peanut nutritional growthCompared with water treatment,the main stem height and lateral branch length of Huayu963 with prohexadione calcium was sprayed at the early flowering period were decreased by9.33%～20.60%and 5.16%～20.86%,and the root dry weight,the number of green leaves and branches and the main stem diameter were increased.The agronomic traits of Huayu 963plants treated with prohexadione calcium at the end of full bloom period were consistent with those at the early flowering period.The main stem height and lateral branch length was decreased by 5.33%～17.55%and 8.22%～14.22%compared with water treatment.The spray of 300 g/hm~2prohexadione calcium had the most significant effect on the agronomic traits of Huayu 963 plants.At the early flowering period,the main stem height and lateral branch length of Shanhua 9 was decreased by 4.19%～14.26%and 2.71%～13.72%compared with the water treatment.The spray of 450 g/hm~2prohexadione calcium was most beneficial to delay the growth of the main stem and lateral branch of Shanhua 9.At the end of full bloom period,the main stem height and lateral branch length of Shanhua 9 with prohexadione calcium was decreased by 3.46%～7.33%and 4.22%～8.48%compared with the water treatment.The spray of 300 g/hm~2prohexadione calcium was most beneficial to delay the growth of the main stem and lateral branch of Shanhua 9.In addition,the main stem diameter and root dry weight of Shanhua 9 were increased and the shoot dry weight was decreased.The effect of prohexadione calcium spray on the growth of the main stem and lateral branch of Shanhua 9 was less than that of Huayu 963.2.Effects of prohexadione calcium on physiological characteristics of peanut leavesThe SPAD value and soluble protein content in leaves of Huayu 963 and Shanhua 9 were increased,the activities of Superoxide dismutase(SOD),Peroxidase(POD)and Hydrogen peroxidase(CAT)were improved,and the Malondialdehyde(MDA)content was decreased of peanut leaves after spraying prohexadione calcium.The MDA content of Huayu 963 with prohexadione calcium was sprayed at the early flowering period was decreased by10.23%～25.18%compared with that of water treatment,and the decrease was the largest when spraying 300 g/hm~2.The MDA content of Shanhua 9 was decreased by3.64%～15.56%,and the decrease was the largest when spraying 450 g/hm~2.The SPAD value,soluble protein content,SOD,POD and CAT activities in leaves of Huayu 963 and Shanhua 9 in the treatment of 300 g/hm~2of prohexadione calcium at the end of full bloom period increased was higher than that of other spraying amounts treatments,and the MDA content decreased was higher than that of other spraying amounts treatments,which was beneficial to delay the senescence of peanut leaves.3.Effects of prohexadione calcium on peanut yield and yield-related traitsThe yield increase of Shanhua 9 was higher than that of Huayu 963.The yield of Huayu963 was increased by 13.48%when 300 g/hm~2of prohexadione calcium was sprayed at the early flowering period,and the yield of Huayu 963 sprayed with 300 g/hm~2prohexadione calcium at the end of full bloom period was the highest,which was 16.31%higher than that of water treatment.At the end of full bloom period,the yield of Shanhua 9 increased significantly by 21.57%and 16.99%compared with that of water treatment when 300 g/hm~2and 450 g/hm~2were sprayed.From the perspective of yield-related traits,hundred fruit weight and hundred kernel weight were increased.4.The effect of prohexadione calcium on the quality of peanut kernelsThe spray of prohexadione calcium had no significant effect on the fat content of Huayu963 and Shanhua 9,but decreased the protein content of the two peanut varieties,and had no significant effect on the Oleic/Linoleic acid(O/L)of Shanhua 9,but increased the O/L of Huayu 963.In summary,the spray of prohexadione calcium was beneficial to delay the growth of the upper part of groundnut,increased root dry weight,the number of green leaves of main stem,the number of branches and main stem diameter,increased the SPAD value and soluble protein content in leaves,improved the SOD,POD and CAT activities in leaves,decreased the content of MDA,and can promote the increase of hundred fruit weight,hundred kernel weight and yield.Under the conditions of this experiment,the spray of 300 g/hm~2of prohexadione calcium at the end of full bloom period was the most beneficial to increase the yield of Huayu 963 and Shanhua 9.