| As the largest cotton producing area in China,Xinjiang has the problems of poor soil nutrients and low and unstable yield.For a long time,excessive fertilizer application has been the main way to increase cotton yield.As a result,the residual amount of nitrate nitrogen in soil is too high,soil quality is reduced,and environmental pollution is also caused.Nitrogen fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer played an important role in reducing nitrogen and increasing cotton yield,improving soil quality,enhancing soil fertility and reducing environmental pollution.A field experiment was carried out in Toma Village,Hailou Town,Aksushaya County,Xinjiang.The main treatment was five nitrogen levels(denoted by N0、N200、N300、N400 and N500)with nitrogen application rates of 0、200、300、400 and 500kg/hm2,respectively.In order to find out the best nitrogen application rate suitable for cotton growth and production in this area,the secondary treatment was different nitrogen application level combined with organic fertilizer(3000 kg/ hm2),to provide scientific basis for achieving high and stable yield.The results are as follows :1.Effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer on nutrient absorption of cotton: In the range of 0~300 kg/hm2,the uptake of N 、 P and K increased with the increase of n application 、 and the increase ranges were2.70~27.07%,4.05~22.26% and 2.55~10.95%,respectively.The uptake of N、P and K increased with the increase of n application rate,and the increase ranges were3.06~17.63%、3.67~22.97% and 3.16~11.48%,respectively.N、P and K absorption of cotton plant did not increase when N application rate was more than 300 kg/hm2.Under the same amount of nitrogen,N、P and K absorption increased by 0.15~8.67%、0.12~8.26% and 0.70~7.63% in N combined with organic fertilizer compared with N alone.2.Effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer on soil nutrients:in the single nitrogen fertilizer treatment,soil nutrients increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,soil total nitrogen increased by 2.54~19.82%,soil available nitrogen increased by 6.01~49.03%,soil organic matter increased by 1.85~44.28%,and N500 treatment showed the largest increase.The variation trend of nutrient contents in N combined with organic fertilizer treatment was the same as that in N alone,and soil total nitrogen,soil available nitrogen and soil organic matter increased by 4.96~20.46% 、 10.55~60.57% and 2.57~35.62%,respectively,and N500+M treatment had the largest increase.Under the same amount of nitrogen,the contents of total nitrogen,available nitrogen and organic matter in soil increased by0.38~10.73%、3.56~23.05% and 1.85~21.15%,respectively,compared with N alone.3.Effect of nitrogen fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer on cotton yield:in single nitrogen fertilizer treatment,cotton yield decreased successively with the increase of nitrogen application rate,and the yield of N300 treatment was the highest,which increased by 40.34%、17.45%、7.92% and 15.28% compared with that of N0、N200、N400 and N500 treatments,respectively.N300+M treatment had the highest yield,which was 27.94%、11.51%、14.90% and 22.90% higher than N0+M、N200+M、N400+M and N500+M treatments,respectively.Under the same amount of N,the yield of N combined with organic fertilizer increased by 1.44~18.63% compared with N alone.In conclusion,proper nitrogen fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer(300 kg N/hm2+3000 kg M/hm2)could increase the amount of N、P and K absorbed by plants,promote the growth and development,and improve the cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency.The results can provide scientific method and basis for cotton field fertilization formula in Shaya County. |
PDF Full Text Request