| The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of fermented soybean meal on the growth and development of Yili horse foals.In this experiment,15 one year old Yili horse foals with good body condition and similar weight were divided into three groups,with 5 foals in each group.The control group was fed with a diet supplemented with 5% ordinary soybean meal,the experimental group I was fed with a diet supplemented with 2.5% fermented soybean meal,and the experimental group II was fed with a diet supplemented with 5% fermented soybean meal for 56 days.The growth performance data and serum samples of foals were collected on days 0,14,28,42 and 56.The results show that:Growth performance: in the 0-28 days of the test period,compared with the control group,the increase of chest circumference in test group I increased by 43.75%(P<0.05),and the increase of chest circumference in test group II increased by 78.13%(P<0.01);The increase of chest circumference in group I increased by 43.75%,the difference was significant(P<0.05),and the increase of chest circumference in group II increased by 78.13%,the difference was very significant(P<0.01);In the28-56 days of the trial period,compared with the control group,the body height of the trial group II was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the total weight gain of the trial group I and the trial group II was increased by 25.97% and 38.81% respectively,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01),and the daily weight gain of the trial group I and the trial group II was increased by 26.92% and 38.45%,the difference was very significant(P<0.01).The final growth and daily average growth of body length in group II increased by 48.27% and 50% respectively(P<0.05).Antioxidant indexes: GSH-Px and T-AOC increased with the change of addition gradient,and mad decreased,but the difference was not significant(P<0.05);With the increase of feeding time,the contents of GSH-Px、T-AOC、SOD and CAT were significantly higher than those on the 14,28,42 and56 day of the experimental period(P<0.01).The content of cat on the 28 day was significantly higher than that on the 14 t,42 and 56 days(P<0.01).The content of mad on the 28 day was significantly lower than that on the 0,14,42 and 56 days(P<0.01),and on the 0 day was significantly lower than that on the14,42 and 56 days(P<0.01).There was interaction between SOD and cat between treatment group and sampling time(P<0.05).Immune indexes: with the increase of feeding gradient,the contents of Ig A and Ig M increased,but not significantly.The content of Ig M in group II was significantly higher than that in group I(P<0.05).With the increase of feeding time,the contents of Ig A,Ig G and Ig M in the body of foals increased significantly(P<0.01).Serum biochemical indexes: the contents of TP and ALB were significantly lower than those on the14 and 42 day of the experimental period(P<0.01),and significantly lower than those on the 42 day(P<0.05).The content of ALB was significantly lower on day 0,day 28 and day 56 than on day 42(P<0.05),and significantly lower on day 28 and day 56 than on day 0(P<0.05).ALP activity was significantly higher on day 28 than on day 0(P<0.01),and significantly higher on day 28 than on days14,42 and 56(P<0.05).The content of urea on the 28 th day was significantly lower than that on the 0,14,42 and 56 day(P<0.01),and on the 0,42 and 56 day was significantly lower than that on the 14 day(P<0.01).The content of CHOL on the 28 day was significantly lower than that on the 0 and 56 days(P<0.01),and on the 14 th day was significantly lower than that on the 0th,42 nd and 56 th days(P<0.05).The content of TP in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the content of GLB was very significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).ALP activity in group I was significantly higher than that in control group and group II(P<0.01).The content of UREA in test group II was significantly higher than that in control group and test group I(P<0.05).The content of CHOL in group II was significantly higher than that in group I(P<0.01).Metabolomics analysis: fermented soybean meal can cause significant changes in small molecule metabolites in the serum of Yili foals.These metabolites are mainly phenylalanine metabolism,protein digestion and absorption and carbohydrates metabolism.Fermented soybean meal can reduce protein heterogenesis and improve the metabolism of carbohydrates.The results showed that under the experimental conditions,adding fermented soybean meal to the diet of Yili foal could promote the growth performance of Yili foal,improve its immune and antioxidant capacity,and promote the digestion and attraction of nutrients.In conclusion,the addition level of 5%fermented soybean meal in test group II is better,which promotes the growth and development of foals and is beneficial to their healthy growth. |
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