| As a major livestock production base,Xinjiang has made great economic achievements in the livestock industry in recent years,with significant improvements in production and quality,making it a pillar industry of Xinjiang’s agricultural economy.The rapid development of livestock farming has also produced a large amount of livestock manure,which has become an important source of environmental pollution.Therefore,how to achieve the resourceful and efficient use of livestock manure and harmless treatment is an urgent task to be solved in China.The tumbler is a common equipment to realise the resourceful and efficient use and harmless treatment of livestock manure.Foreign production processes and technical equipment have matured and developed in the direction of intelligence,but are not applicable to the production needs of some areas in China.In contrast,the domestic tumbler research started late,and the research equipment is mostly applied to sludge composting fermentation occasions,difficult to apply to small and medium-sized farms in Xinjiang livestock and poultry manure composting treatment when turning pile stack height is not enough,the actual situation of scattered piles.Therefore it is necessary to combine the local sheep manure composting fermentation situation to redesign the key components of its existing equipment structure and carry out supporting equipment parameters optimization in order to improve its efficiency and solve the practical problems.The main research elements are as follows.(1)Through different heights of sheep manure composting tests,it was found that when the height of sheep manure turning pile reached 0.8m,the temperature of compost rose the fastest,the high temperature lasted the longest and the speed of decomposition was the fastest;at the same time,the structure and working principle of sheep farm turning machine,and the main technical parameters were introduced,and the poor pile height capacity of turning machine was found through the turning test of sheep farm turning machine.(2)An inclined shovel blade is designed in conjunction with the requirement to form a pile height for sheep manure composting and fermentation.To improve the effectiveness of the pile,spiral blades are added on both sides of the shaft.To ensure that the composting requirements are met the knife set is selected with a single spiral on both sides and an overall herringbone arrangement.Also by installing the spiral blades correctly,the blades are able to transport sheep manure towards the middle.The design and calculation of the spindle,frame and tumbling drive system were also carried out.Through the kinematic analysis of the sheep manure on the spiral blades,it was found that the faster the knife roller speed is at a certain pitch of the spiral blades,the more effective the spiral blades are in gathering the sheep manure.(3)A finite element analysis of the knife roller structure of the tumbler was carried out using ANSYS Workbench and found that there was a strength redundancy in the designed structure.The design weight of the original structure was reduced from 165.31 kg to 107.67 kg through structural optimisation.The finite element analysis of the optimized structure was then re-examined and it was found that the optimised tumbling structure still met the stiffness and strength requirements and that the knife roller was in a stable state during rotation.(4)A single-factor test and an orthogonal test were carried out on the sheep manure turning mechanism,and the test data were subjected to extreme difference analysis and comprehensive balance method,resulting in an optimum combination of 2 indicators of pile height and power consumption when the throwing knife angle is 40°,the spiral blade width is 130 mm,the forward speed is 0.22 km/h and the turning speed is 180 r/min. |
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