Study On Multistage Efficient Utilization Of Eucommia Ulmoides Samara

Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is an important multifunctional tree,which is widely cultivated in China.The bark,root,leaf and male flower of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver can be used as medicine,which has broad medicinal prospect and medicinal value.Meanwhile,Eucommia ulmoides samara is rich in unsaturated fatty acid oil,aucubin,gutta-percha and other natural phytochemical components.Besides,Eucommia ulmoides samara has good development and utilization prospects for abundant sources,lower cost and renewability.In this paper,the Eucommia ulmoides samara was applicated as the research object,and the green and recyclable technology was designed to systematically study the efficient transformation of Eucommia ulmoides samara into high-value seed oil,aucubin,gutta-percha,lignin and glucose.1.The process parameters of simultaneous extraction of Eucommia ulmoides seed oil and aucubin with ultrasonic assisted green solvent cyclopentyl methyl ether-ethyl alcohol(CPME-Et OH)were determined.The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: CPME-Et OH volume ratio of50:50(v/v),liquid-solid ratio of 20:1(m L/g),ultrasonic time of 60 min and ultrasonic power of 150 W.Under the optimal conditions,28.6% Eucommia ulmoides seed oil and 6.4% aucubin(AU)were extracted by CPME-Et OH system,which were 1.10 folds higher than that of traditional solvent PE and 1.19 folds higher than that of methanol.2.The Eucommia ulmoides seeds oil extracted from CPME-Et OH solvent system had high fatty acid content and good quality,and had high antioxidant ability and lipid lowering activity.The fatty acid composition of Eucommia ulmoides seeds oil extracted by CPME-Et OH solvent system was similar to that extracted by CPME and PE,which were all composed of linolenic acid,linoleic acid and oleic acid,and the content of unsaturated fatty acid was 86.99±0.83%.Moreover,the Eucommia ulmoides seed oil with lower acid value(1.10 mg KOH/g)and peroxide value(1.75 mmol/kg)was extracted by the CPME-Et OH.In addition,it was found that the Eucommia ulmoides seed oil had good antioxidant ability,low cytotoxicity and lipid-lowering activity.Meanwhile,the in vitro bioactivity of Eucommia ulmoides seed oil extracted by CPME-Et OH was significantly better than that of Eucommia ulmoides seed oil extracted by PE.3.A new DES pretreatment of Eucommia ulmoides seed shell to promote its efficient conversion into high-quality gutta-percha,lignin and glucose was determined.Under the optimal conditions,choline chloride: oxalic acid: ethylene glycol(Ch Cl-OA-EG)1:1:2,pretreatment temperature of 100℃and pretreatment time of 3 h,79.7% hemicellulose and 65.6% lignin were rapidly removed by the DES while retaining 84.0% cellulose,and 53.6% low condensation lignin was well collected.After DES pretreatment,the yield and purity of gutta-percha reached 85.1 mg/g and 96.2%,which were 1.4times and 1.8 times of that without treatment,respectively.The enzymatic digestibility of cellulose was 69.1% after DES pretreatment,which was 2.3 times of the enzyme digestibility of raw materials.In addition,the DES can still remove 73.9% hemicellulose and 58.0% lignin after 5 times of recycling.4.After DES pretreatment,the solid residue,lignin and guperta-percha had excellent structure and good thermal stability.It was confirmed that after DES pretreatment,lignin and hemicellulose in Eucommia ulmoides seed shell were largely removed,and the solid residue surface was loose and porous.Moreover,the basic aromatic structure and valuable β-O-4 bond of regenerated lignin extracted by DES were well preserved.After DES pretreatment,the structure of gutta-percha was the same as that of traditional alkali treated and untreated gutta-percha and will not be affected,and the thermal stability of gutta-percha after DES pretreatment was better than that of alkali pretreatment and un-pretreatment.In this work,an efficient method with ultrasonic assisted green solvent CPME-Et OH was established for simultaneous extraction and separation of Eucommia ulmoides seed oil and aucubin,and the fatty acid composition,physicochemical property and in vitro biological activity of Eucommia ulmoides seed oil were analyzed.Meantime,a new DES was prepared for the efficient transformation of Eucommia ulmoides seed shell into gutta-percha,lignin and glucose.This study successfully realized the multistage utilization of Eucommia ulmoides samara and provided a new idea and technology for its industrial exploitation and utilization.