| In order to explore the specificity of growth traits and intestinal microorganisms of Yanying Chicken and AA Chicken,this study selected Yanying Chicken and AA Chicken at the age of 1,14 and 28 days under the same incubation conditions and feeding conditions as research materials.At first,the growth traits,intestinal histomorphology and serum biochemical indexes of the two breeds were compared by using Excel and SPSS software,and then the cecal microorganisms of the two breeds at different ages(1,14 and 28)were sequenced by using metagenome.The main results of the whole study are as follows.(1)The results of comparative study on the egg weight and growth traits of Yanying chicken and AA chicken.The breeding egg weight,1-day-old weight,14-day-old weight and 28-day-old weight of Yanying Chicken were significantly lower than those of AA Chicken(P<0.01).The ADG and ADFI of yanying chicken at the three growth stages of 1-14 days,15-28 days and 1-28 days were significantly lower than those of AA chicken(P<0.01),and the A/G was significantly higher than that of AA chicken(P<0.01).(2)Comparative study results of intestinal tissue morphology between Yanying Chicken and AA Chicken.The RL of duodenum was significantly greater than that of AA chickens at 1 day of age(P<0.05)and the RL of jejunum,RW and ID of each intestinal segment were significantly smaller than that of AA chickens(P<0.05).The RL,jejunum and ileum RW were significantly greater than those of AA chickens at 28 days of age(P<0.05)and the ID of each intestinal segment was significantly smaller than those of AA chickens(P<0.05);the duodenal and ileal VH,jejunal CD and ileal VH/CD were significantly smaller than those of AA chickens at 1 day of age(P<0.05)and the jejunal VH/CD was significantly greater than those of AA chickens(P<0.05);the VH,jejunal CD and duodenal VH/CD of each intestinal segment were significantly smaller than those of AA chickens at 14 days of age(P<0.05).The VH,CD and VH/CD of all intestinal segments at 28 days of age were significantly smaller than those of AA chickens(P<0.05).(3)The comparative study study on serum biochemical indexes of Yanying chicken and AA chicken.The contents of serum ALB,TBIL and TP in one-day-old Yanying chickens were significantly higher than those in AA chickens(P<0.05),and the contents of serum AMS and TG were significantly lower than those in AA chickens(P<0.05).The contents of serum ALB,TP,GLB,TBA and TG at the age of 14 days were significantly higher than those of AA chickens(P<0.05).The contents of serum TBA,P and HSL in 28-day-old chickens were significantly lower than those in AA chickens(P<0.05),and the content of serum Glu was significantly higher than that in AA chickens(P<0.05).(4)Molecular study on the difference of cecum microbial structure and abundance between Yanying chicken and AA chicken.At the level of phylum,the dominant bacteria in the cecum of Yanying Chicken and AA Chicken at the age of 1 day were mainly Firmicutes and Proteobacteria,while at the age of 14 days and 28 days,they were mainly Firmicutes and Bacteroides.At the genus level,the dominant bacteria in the 1-day-old cecum of Yanying Chickens are Enterococci and Escherichia,while the dominant bacteria in the 1-day-old cecum of AA Chickens are Enterococci,Escherichia and Klebsiella.The dominant bacteria in cecum of Yanying Chicken and AA Chicken at the age of 14 days and 28 days are Bacteroides.By LEfSe method,the difference of cecum microorganisms between Yanying chicken and AA chicken was analyzed.The results showed that Coprobacillus,Terrisporobacter,Tenericutes_noname,Anaerofustis,Clostridiaceae_noname,Turicibacter,Romboutsia,Clostridium,Collinsella,Alistipes,Tenericutes_noname,Candidatus_Borkfalki,Oscillibacter,Intestinibacillus and Escherichia are related to the growth traits of chickens.LEfSe’s analysis method was applied to functional differences,and it was concluded that many metabolic pathways related to Carbohydrate metabolism,Amino acid metabolism,Energy metabolism and Lipid_metabolism were significantly enriched in the cecum microbiota of AA chickens.To sum up,the growth traits ofAA chickens are better than those of Yanying chickens,and the faster growth rate of AA chickens is related to the rapid development of their intestines and their strong digestion,absorption and metabolism of nutrients.LEfSe analysis showed that there were different flora between Yanying chicken and AA chicken,Coprobacillus,Romboutsia,Clostridium,Alistipes,Oscillibacter,etc.participate in Carbohydrate metabolism,Amino acid metabolism,Energy metabolism and Lipid_metabolism are related pathways,which increase the intake of nutrients and make AA chickens grow faster. |
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