| Wheat is one of the most important grain crops in China.Due to the long-term artificial selection and single utilization of backbone parents,as well as the increasing of salinity soil in cultivated land,which have seriously affected the development of wheat industry was seriously affected,thereby limited yield and quality enhancement in wheat.Plant height,grain traits and salt tolerance are closely related to wheat yield and quality.Based on Therefore,the evaluation of correlated traits,and then screening excellent germplasm resources,which are of great significance for wheat breeding improvement in high yield and good quality in Ningxia spring wheat region.This study analyzed plant height,grain traits and salt tolerance at the seedling stage of 228 wheat resources,and carried out assistant selection by molecular markers related to salt tolerance.The main research results are as follows:1.The coefficients of variation(CV)of seven traits of 228 wheat resources at different breeding stages were as follows:the CV of plant height at all stages was the highest,followed by that at stage Ⅳ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅰ;the CV of kernels per spike,thousand kernels weight and wet gluten content were Ⅰ>Ⅱ>all stages>Ⅲ>Ⅳ;the CV of kernel weight per spike and crude protein content were Ⅰ>all stages>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ;the CV of sedimentation value was Ⅰ>Ⅱ>all stages>Ⅳ>Ⅲ.Plant height showed correlation with various grain traits.Among these traits,plant height was significantly positively correlated with all grain traits within stage Ⅳ.Therefore,while ensuring the resistant to loading,properly increasing plant height and balancing the relationship among grain number,grain weight,and grain protein is the key to improve the grain yield and quality of wheat.The 228 wheat resources were classified into five clusters.Cluster Ⅰ had the shortest plant height(74.84±15.17 cm).Cluster Ⅳ had the highest average kernels per spike(63.61 ±2.82)and kernel weight per spike(2.97±0.18 g).Cluster Ⅴ had the highest thousand kernels weight(42.75±5.56 g),crude protein content(17.01±1.16%),wet gluten content(36.61±2.53%)and sediment value(41.54±3.65 mL).2.The entropy-weighted DTOPSIS method was used to calculate the Ci values of 228 wheat resources based on the performance on plant heights and grain traits,which ranged from 0.155 to 0.700,with an average of 0.414.Eleven wheat resources with Ci values greater than or equal to 0.550 were selected,including Hongxinglong No.3(S48),Nuomai(S31),Xinjiang wheat(S1),Shanglin wheat(S32),Ningchun No.45(S152),Huining No.19(S129),Ningchun No.32(S141),Ningchun No.58(S166),Ganchun No.25(S109),Yongliang No.15(S139),and Xiaobing No.33(S77).These resources had suitable plant height and excellent grain traits,and could be used as potential elite parents for future breeding.3.Salt tolerances of 228 wheat resources were evaluated.The number of resources classified at the germination stage as highly tolerant,salt tolerant,moderately tolerant,sensitive,and highly sensitive were 3,39,60,76,and 50,respectively,accounting for 1.32%,17.11%,26.32%,33.33%,and 21.93%of all the resources.The Ci values of the 42 tolerant resources were 0.131 to 0.637 with a mean of 0.272 in entropy-weighted DTOPSIS analysis of salt tolerance indicators during the seedling stage.Among these 42 resources,Xin Chun No.37(S90),Xingyu No.7(S86),and Aimengniu(S78)were the three with the highest Ci values and showed highest tolerance to salt stress.Twenty-three wheat salt-tolerant molecular markers were tested in the 42 resources.Six molecular markers were above 75%in the detection rate,they were Xgwm312,Xgwm314,Xgwm558,WSSR85,WSSR126,and Xcfd6,respectively.Among them,WSSR85 and Xgwm314 showed significant correlation with salt tolerance,which indicated that the two markers could be used to molecular markers assist selection in wheat salt tolerance. |
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