Study On Cultivation Techniques,Regional Experiment And Quality Characters Of Xingan Shaguo

Malus asiatica Nakai is a perennial plant of apple in Rosaceae.It is a common plant for both food and medicine.In addition to fresh food,it is also made into preserved fruit and jam.Proper consumption can nourish the body.Xing’an League is one of the main producing areas of Shaguo,with a large cultivation area,but most of the cultivated species of Shaguo are natural groups,and their yield performance and plant performance are poor,which seriously restricts the yield and quality of local Shaguo.Based on the breeding process of Xingan Shaguo,the consistency and stability tests were carried out,and the key points of propagation and Cultivation Techniques of Xingan Shaguo were summarized;The performance of provenances in tree height,crown width,average weight of single fruit,yield per plant and yield per mu were studied through multi-year regional experiments;At the same time,the internal quality characteristics of its fruit were compared with those of Longfeng small apple and Xinping No.4 apple,which were common in the market,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the scientific layout,popularization and application and rational development and utilization of Xing’an Shaguo.The main research results are as follows:(1)From 1992 to 2001,a fine Xingan Shaguo strain was bred.Through the consistency and stability test of new plant varieties,its consistency was good,and no alien plant was found;It has strong stability and has the characteristics of excellent strains,which lays a foundation for regional test and new variety approval.(2)The regional test showed that the average tree height of Xingan Shaguo was3.741 m,the average crown width was 5.078 m,the average weight of single fruit was51.94 g,the average yield per plant was 143.5 kg,and the average yield per mu was 3157 kg.The height and crown width of Xingan Shaguo tree were different in different years;The average weight of single fruit,yield per plant and yield per mu are different at each test point,but the difference between different years is small and the performance is relatively stable.Xingan Shaguo is higher than ordinary Xingan Shaguo in tree height,single fruit weight,single plant yield and mu yield,especially in single fruit weight;There was no significant difference in crown width between Xingan Shaguo and ordinary Xingan Shaguo.Shaguo has strong adaptability and little requirement for soil conditions.Xingan Shaguo can be planted in Xingan League of Inner Mongolia(longitude and latitude are40°67’~47°02’?109°84’~121°30’,altitude is 50 ~ 1300 m),or under the same climatic conditions.(3)In terms of quality characteristics,the content of reducing sugar,total acid,vitamin C and soluble solids of Xingan Shaguo were 12.30 g / 100 g,1.00%,17.90 mg /100 g and 16.70%,respectively.Compared with Longfeng small apple(high sugar and high acid)and Xinping No.4 apple(low sugar and low acid),it has the characteristics of high sugar and low acid,tastes sweeter,and has the main characteristics of fresh apples;Its vitamin C content is much higher than Longfeng small apple and Xinping No.4 apple,which has high nutritional value.