Research And Development Of Early Innate Immunity Developmental Gene In Beef And Dairy Cattle

After a long period of natural selection or artificial selection,many cattle with excellent characteristics have gradually formed,such as Angus cattle with high meat production and Holstein cattle with strong milk production performance.Angus cattle have high meat production rate and good meat performance,and are typical beef cattle breeds.Holstein milk is of high quality and has good dairy properties,and is a typical dairy breed.However,as the scale of breeding continues to expand,the risk of livestock diseases also increases,causing serious economic losses to the animal husbandry industry.By excavating and understanding the natural immunity of cattle,it will help to improve the level of economic benefits of breeding.Transcriptome analysis makes it easier to explore the developmental changes in innate immunity in cattle from embryonic to adulthood and the differences in innate immunity between beef and dairy cattle.Based on this,this study analyzed 12 transcriptome data of bovine embryonic stages and 6 transcriptome data of beef and dairy cow liver tissues of different months.The following results and conclusions were obtained.Using sequence alignment analysis,2541 innate immunity genes,117 innate immunity-related pathways and their related genes were compared,and a bovine innate immunity gene database was constructed.Differential expression analysis was performed on 12 transcriptome sequencing data of bovine embryos at different stages,and 10 innate immune genes were differentially expressed in the four-cell stage vs.eight-cell stage,and 420 innate immune genes were differentially expressed in the eight-cell stage vs.There were 419 innate immune genes differentially expressed in the 16-cell stage vs.blastocyst stage.After GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the genes,the neurotrophic factor signaling pathway was significantly enriched in the four-cell stage vs.eight-cell stage.Eight-cell stage vs sixteen-cell stage,it is mainly enriched in cancer pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,hepatitis B,Ras signaling pathway,etc.The genes involved in these pathways are MAPK1,PIK3R2,AKT1,SOS1,TRAF3.Sixteen-cell stage vs blastocyst stage was mainly enriched in cancer pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,lipid and atherosclerosis,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,Salmonella infection,hepatitis B.The differentially expressed innate immune genes were screened by comparing and analyzing the liver transcriptome data of beef cows of different months of age.There were333 differentially expressed innate immune genes in dairy cow liver and 122 differentially expressed innate immune genes in beef cattle liver.The innate immune genes differentially expressed in cow liver were mainly enriched in cancer pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,lipid and atherosclerosis,PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,hepatitis B,NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,etc.The innate immune genes differentially expressed in beef liver are mainly enriched in cancer pathway,EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance,MAPK signaling pathway,lipid and atherosclerosis,hepatitis C,PPAR signaling pathway,complement pathway,etc.Innate immune genes differentially expressed in beef and dairy livers are enriched in cancer pathways,lipids and atherosclerosis,coronavirus disease-Covid-19,NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,RAP1 signaling pathway,MAPK Signaling pathway,C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,etc.In this study,50 innate immunity genes were expressed in both beef and dairy cattle,73 innate immunity genes were only expressed in beef cattle,and 283 innate immunity genes were only expressed in dairy cows.In conclusion,this study selected important candidate genes related to innate immunity by analyzing the transcriptional expression and gene pathway changes of the liver transcriptome of beef cows at different embryonic stages and different months of age.Developmental changes in adulthood and differences in innate immunity in beef and dairy cattle.