Application Effect Of Natural Sodium Bentonite And Fulvic Acid Composite In Sandy Jujube Orchard

The sandy soil in arid and semi-arid desert areas has serious water leakage and fertilizer leakage.How to efficiently use water and fertilizer resources in such areas is the key to improving the quality and efficiency of forest fruits.As one of the pillars for the development of the agricultural economy in southern Xinjiang,the jujube industry has been Rising costs and fluctuations in purchase prices have resulted in a lack of stability in the income of fruit farmers.In view of the above problems,this study took Hetian Junzao as the research object,and based on the soil testing and formula fertilization technology of jujube orchards,for the first time,the jujube with excellent characteristics such as water absorption,swelling,adsorption,adhesion,cation exchange,non-toxic and non-polluting was used.Natural sodium bentonite is compounded with mineral source fulvic acid.Through the indoor soil column simulation test,the optimum ratio of the two with the best fertilizer retention effect is selected,and then the medium and trace elements required for the growth and development of jujube trees are added to make a natural The composite materials with the characteristics of safety,soil improvement,water and fertilizer retention,etc.,through the jujube orchard test,the application effect of different dosages of composite materials is clarified,aiming to improve the soil in sandy areas,lose weight and increase efficiency,and achieve high-quality and sustainable development of the forest and fruit industry.in accordance with.The main findings are as follows:(1)In the indoor soil column simulation test,different ratios of natural sodium bentonite and fulvic acid can effectively reduce the leakage of water and nutrients in the soil column.The higher the proportion of bentonite,the better the water and fertilizer retention effect.After four times of leaching,the cumulative leakage rate of water in the soil column decreased by 20.98% to 85.10%,the cumulative leakage rate of nitrogen decreased by 30.45% to 85.52%,and the cumulative leakage rate of phosphorus decreased by31.25% to 85.63%.The cumulative leakage rate of organic matter decreased by 40.76% to 83.63%,and the cumulative leakage rate of organic matter decreased by 28.21% to 79.49%.Combined with the actual production and application of jujube orchards,it is recommended that the best ratio of sodium bentonite to fulvic acid is 1: 2.(2)Different application amounts(0.5 times,1.0 times,1.5 times)of natural sodium bentonite and fulvic acid composites can effectively improve the soil physical and chemical properties,of which 1.5times the dosage is effective in reducing soil bulk density,increasing soil water content,and improving nutrients(total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium)and organic matter content have the most obvious effects;in the whole growth period of jujube,the soil nutrient level of 1.5 times the dosage is relatively high,indicating that it has a better effect of holding and slowing the release of nutrients,especially It is the most obvious effect on alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and quick-acting potassium.(3)Different application rates of composite materials have different degrees of improvement in the length of jujube shoots,jujube hanging length,leaf area,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration,of which 1.5 times the dosage Compared with the control,the length of new shoots increased by 17.25 cm,the length of jujube hangings increased by 3.94 cm,the leaf area from the young fruit stage to the fruit expansion stage increased by 149.51%,and the chlorophyll content increased by 16.77%.(4)Different application amounts of composite materials effectively increased the horizontal and vertical diameter of red dates.The dosage of 1.0 times and 1.5 times significantly increased the vitamin C content of red dates,which was 15.80% and 15.10% higher than the control,respectively.The dosage of1.5 times significantly increased the soluble sugar of red dates.The content was increased by 8.29%compared with the control.The 1.0-fold and 1.5-fold dosages significantly increased the fruit weight of red jujubes,which were 9.56% and 13.31% higher than the control,respectively.Different application rates of composite materials could significantly increase the yield per plant of red jujubes,increasing by 10.48%,28.89% and 10.89%,respectively.63.62%.In summary,the composite material made of natural sodium bentonite and fulvic acid 1: 2 can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of jujube orchard soil,increase the content of nutrients and organic matter,promote the growth and development of jujube trees,and improve the yield and quality of jujubes.For the purpose of weight loss and synergy,1.5 times the dosage of composite material has the best effect.