| As the main oil crop grown in my country,rapeseed is at the forefront of the world in terms of planting area and oil yield.It is not only related to the increase in farmers’ income,but also to the improvement of people’s daily life and dietary structure.However,at present,the problem of easy lodging of rapeseed plants in my country’s rapeseed industry is common,which not only affects its yield and quality,but also leads to a high loss rate of mechanical harvesting,which seriously restricts the development of my country’s rapeseed industry.As a part of high-yield,stable and high-efficiency agricultural new technologies in crop production,plant growth regulators can significantly enhance the lodging resistance and yield of crop stalks.While increasing manpower and material resources,precise application cannot be achieved,which makes residue and waste problems prominent.The plant growth regulator is prepared into rapeseed anti-lodging growth regulator granules by the extrusion granulation process,which can fully exert the medicinal effect on the basis of precise application,reduce pollution and improve economic benefits.To this end,the following researches were carried out in this topic:(1)Using rape straw as raw material,by controlling different preparation conditions,biochar is obtained by pyrolysis at high temperature.Using elemental analysis,industrial analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and electron microscope scanning and other test methods,the differences and influence rules of the pHysicochemical properties of biochar under different preparation conditions were explored.The potential of the vector was comprehensively evaluated.The research results show that,combined with the pHysicochemical properties of biochar,it is found that the holding time has the greatest impact on the use of biochar as a slow-release carrier,followed by the pyrolysis temperature,and the pHospHoric acid concentration is the least.Considering the carbon yield,the biochar prepared when the concentration of pHospHoric acid was 10%,the pyrolysis temperature was 450 ℃,and the holding time was 80 min had the greatest potential as a sustained-release carrier.(2)Biochar was used as an adsorption carrier to load plant growth regulators,and lodging-resistant growth regulator granules were prepared by using a self-made intelligent temperature-controlled extrusion die.Through the single factor experiment,the influence law of each factor on the particle forming characteristics in the carbon-based preparation stage,rape lodging growth regulator loading stage and extrusion stage was explored,and a regression prediction model was established combined with the response surface test.optimum molding process conditions.The research results show that there is no significant difference in the compressive strength and specific energy consumption of each factor in the carbon-based preparation stage(P>0.05).Additive amount > water content > carbon to chemical ratio > forming temperature;the order of influence on specific energy consumption is: binder addition > water content > carbon to chemical ratio > forming temperature.The optimal production process conditions: the molding temperature is 40 ℃,the carbon-drug ratio is 1:5,the moisture content is 36.28%,and the amount of binder added is 13.15%,and the corresponding specific energy consumption is 96.19 kJ/kg.The compressive strength is 21.71 N.(3)The slow-release characteristics of rape lodging growth regulator granules were studied.The effects of carbon-to-drug ratio,water content,binder addition and molding temperature on the slow-release characteristics of granules were explored through soil column leaching tests.Germination and seedling experiments verified the ecological safety of the granules,making this study more valuable for practical application.The research results show that with the increase of carbon-drug ratio,the sustained-release performance of the granules decreases;with the increase of water content,the sustained-release performance of the granules first increases and then decreases;with the increase of molding temperature and binder addition increased,the sustained-release performance of the granules was improved,and the release rate of uniconazole in the granules under different treatment conditions was the fastest on the second day.From the logistic curve analysis,it can be seen that the larger the value of a,the better the sustained release performance of the particles,and the larger the R value,the faster the release rate of the particles.Compared with the CK Qingshui group,after soaking rapeseed with the leaching solution in the early stage of leaching,the germination rate of the seeds decreased,the average germination time was prolonged,the fresh weight of the seedlings increased,the ratio of root to shoot increased,and the seedlings increased.The activity index decreased,but the eluate in the later stage of leaching had little effect on each index.The above shows that the anti-lodging growth regulator particles of rapeseed are beneficial to the growth of rapeseed seedlings,but the application concentration needs to be controlled. |
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