Biosafety Prevention And Control Monitoring And Diagnosis And Treatment Of Common Bacterial Diseases In Small Pig Breeding Farms

In recent years,under the background of the increasing intensification and scale of pig breeding,pig diseases have become more complicated and diversified,which has caused a serious impact on pig industry and food economy in China.The concept of "raising is greater than prevention,prevention is greater than treatment" has become the mainstream idea of pig breeding,and vaccine immunization has gradually occupied an important position in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.However,for some new viral diseases,such as African swine fever,there is currently no commercial vaccine,and the strict implementation of biosafety prevention and control systems in pig farms has been proven to be the only feasible solution to prevent and control the disease;for most bacterial diseases,such as porcine Escherichia coli,the presence of numerous serotypes and the absence of cross-immunity is often a key element factor affecting the effectiveness of vaccine immunization.Therefore,the combination of biosafety prevention and control and targeted treatment has become the core method for the control of this type of disease.Under the background of dozens of pig diseases and complicated and diverse pathogens.In this study,a biosafety prevention and control monitoring system for pig farms was established,aiming at the small pig breeding farm of our research group’s "Cultivation of A New Breed of Etong two-end-black",which contains the biosafety system for precaution and control of African swine fever(ASF)and the precaution and control,detection and monitoring of main diseases.At the same time,a set of diagnosis and treatment procedures for common bacterial diseases were summarized.This is not only conducive to the timely reasonable and accurate prevention and control of pigs to achieve the goal of no disease among pigs,but also provides reference for the healthy breeding and sustainable development of small and medium-sized pig farms.The main results are as follows:(1)A biosafety prevention and control system of African swine fever(ASF)was established and implemented for small breeding pig farms cultivated with new varieties based on the experience of biosafety prevention and control at home and abroad.It mainly includes three basic steps: no entry of pathogens outside the site(entrance control,personnel management,material management,biological vector management),no spread of pathogens inside the site(staff operation,transfer pig disinfection,piggery disinfection,work clothes disinfection,vehicle disinfection,etc.),and no overflow of pathogens inside the site(treatment of sick and dead pigs and waste disposal).Under the protection of this system,ASF and other diseases can be effectively controlled even if the pig farm is situated on the place with large risk factors,so that the pigs do not get sick.(2)Based on the local epidemic situation and the characteristics of the new varieties of Etong two-end-black that are not susceptible to High Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus,an appropriate immunization program was formulated to effectively reduce the incidence of pig herds,including major viral diseases(Porcine pseudorabies,Porcine circovirus disease,Classic swine fever,Porcine foot-and-mouth disease,Porcine parvovirus disease,Swine Japanese encephalitis),major bacterial diseases(Streptococcus suis disease,Haemophilus parasuis disease)and Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine.During the monitoring and detection of major diseases,it was found that the farm needs to strengthen the prevention and control of Streptococcus suis disease.(3)Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli were identified as the corresponding pathogenic bacteria from the occasional skin disease and piglet diarrhea respectively in the group of Etong two-end-black.At the same time,enrofloxacin and ceftriaxone were selected as the corresponding hypersensitive drugs.After targeted treatment,they recovered in 1-2 weeks and 1-2 days,respectively.Based on the diagnosis and treatment experience of these two diseases,this study summarized a set of diagnosis and treatment procedures for common bacterial diseases in pig farms from six parts: sampling,bacterial isolation and culture,Gram staining microscopic examination,16 S sequencing and drug sensitivity test,which provided reference for the follow-up diagnosis and treatment of related diseases in pig farms.