Study And Experiment On Crushing Mechanism Of Whole Silage Maize Based On Dish Roller

In view of the low grain crushing rate of silage corn and the poor effect of corn straw rolling restricting the development of mechanization technology of silage corn harvesting,affecting the subsequent silage straw fermentation and grain nutrient transformation,combined with the advantages of disc crushing roller can achieve efficient operation and high crushing,the method of combining theoretical analysis and experiment,The mechanical properties of silage corn kernel and straw,the design of disc based on kneading and crushing,the mechanism of material kneading and crushing,the simulation and optimization experiment based on discrete element method and the operation performance of disc based on finite element method were systematically studied:(1)In order to study the rolling and crushing conditions of corn grains and straw,the characteristics of silage corn plants were measured,and the water content was measured.The shear and compression mechanical properties of corn grains and straw were tested by universal tensile pressure testing machine,the force-displacement curves of corn grains and straw during compression and shear were obtained.It provides theoretical and data basis for the establishment of discrete element bonding model between corn kernel and straw.(2)For silage maize grain crushing rate is low and the problem of poor effect of corn straw rubbing,the discussion of the mechanism of material knead broken,of silage corn knead broken test rig structure design,the conventional crushing roller with disc disc broken roller through the contrast analysis of disc disc roller broken broken section for "V" type,a length is 2times more than conventional crushing roller broken section length,The operation efficiency is improved,the power consumption is reduced,and the main parameters of the disc crushing roller are designed.The kneading and crushing mechanism of the material was analyzed,including the motion analysis and crushing mechanics analysis of the material crushing process.The momentum conservation in the kneading chamber was analyzed,the energy transformation in the kneading crushing process was analyzed,and the energy consumed in the extrusion deformation and kneading crushing of the material was calculated from entering the kneading chamber to discharging the kneading chamber.(3)The discrete element bonding model of corn kernel and corn straw was established.The discrete element method was used to carry out the single-factor simulation experiment on the influence of the number of teeth on the disc,the depth of blade,the crushing gap and the speed of crushing roller on the silking rate and the grain crushing rate of silage corn,the value range of parameters satisfying the rolling crushing of silage corn was determined.Orthogonal tests were carried out by Box-Behnken experimental research method,the regression equation between test factors and test indexes was established,the corresponding response surface was generated,and the optimal parameter combination was determined,when the average water content of whole silage corn was 65.57%,The number of teeth in the disc was 48,the blade depth was 5mm,the crushing gap was 2mm,and the rotating speed of the cutter roller was5000r/min,the corn grain crushing rate was 87.2% and the straw rolling rate was 92.8%,which met the technical requirements of silage corn harvest.Pennsylvania sieve and corn silage grain crushing scoring sieve were used to classify the crushing effect of rolling materials.(4)Disc of above design 3D rendering,import created in ANSYS finite element model of disc,and gives the material properties,the model for the meshing.Establish the basic equations,the modal analysis was carried out by statics analysis and modal analysis,the results show that the mechanical deformation mainly displays at the top of the opposite ends of the blade and the worst,there is no resonance phenomenon when the disk is working.(5)In order to explore the rationality of using discrete element method to study the rolling and crushing results of the disc type crushing roller on corn grains and corn straw,a disc type silage corn rolling and crushing test bench was built.The bench test was carried out on the whole silage corn with an average moisture content of 65.57% under different working conditions.The test results showed that,The absolute deviation between the simulation values and the experimental values of different types of materials was kept within 3%,and the classification of crushing effects of materials was consistent with the simulation results of the early stage,which proved that the application of discrete element method in the study of corn grain and corn straw crushing is feasible.Under the optimal combination of plate teeth 48,blade depth 5mm,crushing gap 2mm and blade roller speed 5000r/min,corn grain crushing rate was 88.0% and straw rolling rate was 90.1%,which met the technical requirements of silage corn harvest.This study can provide theoretical guidance for the design of key components of silage harvester.