| Heritage trees are rare natural and cultural landscapes in the city,and an important part of regional biodiversity,with important social,cultural and ecological values.Studying the composition and distribution characteristics of ancient tree resources and their relationship with nature,society and culture is of great significance to the protection of ancient trees and biodiversity.The study took the main urban area of Shanghang County,Longyan City,Fujian Province as an object to investigate the characteristics of ancient tree resources,species diversity and distribution in the county,and explored the relationship between natural social factors and spatial differentiation of ancient trees.At the same time,combined with the status quo and practice of ancient tree protection in Shanghang County,it provides suggestions for urban ancient tree protection from the aspects of planning,management and maintenance technology.The main results are as follows:(1)There are 656 ancient and famous trees and backup resources in the urban area of Shanghang County,which belong to 28 families and 40 genera,a total of 47 species.Among them,there are 393 reserve resources in 50-100 years,belonging to 41 species of 35 genera in 25 families,and263 old and famous trees over 100 years old,belonging to 22 species of 21 genera in 19 families.The 47 species are all woody plants,of which 24,18 and 5 are evergreen broad-leaved,deciduous broad-leaved and coniferous species,respectively.The Shannon-Wiener Species Diversity Index score was 3.745,and the Pielou Species Evenness Index score was 97.28%,indicating that the species diversity and uniformity of ancient and famous trees and reserve resource communities in Jiancheng District,Shanghang County are high.(2)There are 9 types of distribution areas of ancient trees in the Shanghang County urban area.Among them,the pan-tropical distribution and the most widely distributed types in the world are 8 and 7 families,respectively,accounting for 53.57% of the total number of departments;the north temperate zone and the southern temperate zone are followed by intermittent distribution,with 5 families,accounting for 17.86% of the total number of departments.There are 16 types of genera in the distribution area,of which the pan-tropical distribution and the discontinuous distribution types in East Asia and North America are the main types,which are 10 genera and 8 genera respectively,accounting for45% of the total genera;,Accounting for 10% of the total genera.(3)The breast diameter of ancient trees is concentrated at 20-90 cm,the average breast diameter is 57.99 cm,the crown width is 8-14 m,the average crown width is 11.56 m,the tree height is concentrated at 12-20 m,and the average tree height is 15.65 m.The overall growth and protection of ancient trees is good.85.67% of ancient trees are in a healthy state,and the more severely damaged species is chestnut.There are 4 dominant species,including hackberry,chestnut,camphor and banyan,and there are 17 unique species.(4)There are 2 national-level protected plants in Shanghang County,which are 1 national I and 1 national II protected plant,both of which are listed as endangered species by the IUCN Red List.(5)The site of ancient trees and famous trees and backup resources in Shanghang County is divided into 10 land use types-urban residential land,rural residential land,public management and service land,public facility land,commercial service land,green land and square Land,industrial land,road land,agricultural land,forest land.Ancient trees are mainly distributed in three types of habitat types: green land and square land(39.48%),agricultural land(26.07%),and forest land(13.41%).Green land and square land,agricultural land,public management and For service land,the Shannon-Wiener index is 3.34,3.35 and 3.00,respectively.Most of the oldest tree species are in the green land and square land.The urban heights of residential area,public management and service land,and road land are larger.Ancient trees with poor health status in rural residential land,agricultural land and road land account for a relatively large proportion.(6)The ancient trees,famous trees and backup resources in the urban area of Shanghang County show a very significant spatial agglomeration distribution pattern,with multiple agglomeration points,and are densely distributed in strips within a certain area along the river.The north bank of Shuixi Village in the east of the city,the south bank of Chengcheng in the west of the city,the residential area of Zhangtan in the southwest,the area near the river bank of Huangzhu Village in the south,and both sides of the Tingjiang River in Zhuqitou District are areas with high concentration of ancient trees.Around the administrative building of the county government of Shanghang County and the Tingjiang River at the southern end of Tupu Village in the southern part of the city,there is a high-value clustering area for ancient trees,and Zijin Park is a low-value clustering area for ancient trees.The distribution of ancient trees is obviously affected by the type of land use,the proximity of water bodies,and the proximity of roads,and has a weak correlation with the elevation slope.According to the results of geographic detectors,the larger q value is the land use type,water body proximity,and road proximity.It can be seen that the land use type,water body proximity,and road proximity are the main factors that affect the spatial differentiation of ancient and famous trees,among which land use type Has the greatest impact. |
