| For a long time,the agricultural planting misunderstanding of "high input,high output" has caused problems such as imbalanced use of cultivated land,soil compaction,and soil erosion in our country.Cultivated land quality problems have become prominent,weakening the ability of cultivated land to continuously and stably produce food.Therefore,how to realize the combination of cultivated land use and feed has attracted the attention of scholars.Conservation tillage technology provides a new path for the protection of cultivated land quality.Compared with traditional farming modes,it is supported by agricultural machinery and facilities.The core technologies include straw mulch,no-tillage and less-tillage,disease,pest and weed control,etc.,which have guaranteed soil Quality,protection of the ecological environment of cultivated land and the effect of promoting crop production and income.However,as farmers are direct users of cultivated land,the transformation of their traditional farming mode requires a long-term continuous process,which contradicts the primary purpose of farming that farmers expect to increase crop yields in a short period of time.Therefore,what factors affect the current adoption of Conservation tillage technology by farmers,what is its mechanism of action,and what is its future development trend under the influence of policy tools? Research on these issues is still not thorough enough.This study constructs a theoretical analysis framework for farmers’ Conservation tillage technology adoption behaviors,uses 364 farmers’ micro data in Liaoning Province to find out the differences in farmers’ technology adoption behaviors,and uses the Heckman two-stage selection model to explore the mechanism of each factor’s action.Based on this,The Agent-BDI simulation model is used to simulate the future development trend of farmers’ behavior under the action of incentive policy tools.The results show:(1)The adoption behavior of farmers’ Conservation tillage technology conforms to the analysis framework of BDI(belief-desire-intention)behavioral decision theory,is affected by the comprehensive effect of internal and external factors,and has a two-stage continuous process.This study classified it as whether farmers adopted Conservation tillage technology and the degree of adoption of Conservation tillage technology by farmers.In-depth analysis of the mechanism of action between resource endowment,technological cognition,policy tools,information acquisition and the adoption of protective farming techniques by farmers.Based on this,construct a comprehensive,systematic and practical theoretical analysis framework.(2)Farmers in the study area are willing to adopt Conservation tillage technology,but there are obvious differences in the degree of adoption.A total of 276 households adopting Conservation tillage technology,accounting for 75.82%,of which farmers adopting one,two and three techniques account for 62.33%,31.52%,and 6.15%.The farmers who only adopt the subsoiling technology are the most,and the farmers who adopt the straw return and biological control technology at the same time are the least.Farmers in Changtu County adopted the most straw returning technology,while Jianping County and Beipiao City adopted deep subsoiling technology.Farmers with high technological awareness,risk appetite,large number of farmers,low fragmentation of arable land,and wider access to information are more inclined to adopt Conservation tillage technology.(3)Internal and external factors have different degrees of influence on the two stages of farmers’ adoption of Conservation tillage technology.Educational background,the scale of arable land,the proportion of agricultural income,ecological cognition,benefit cognition,social network,information channels,agricultural technology training,and policy satisfaction all have a significant positive impact on whether farmers adopt Conservation tillage technology,while age and arable land the degree of fragmentation and the number of farmers have a restraining effect.Compared with the first stage,in addition to the degree of fragmentation of arable land,risk attitudes and the number of farmers are no longer important limiting factors for "adoption level",and the effects of other internal factors are relatively weakened.In addition to social network factors,external factors have a more significant impact on the second stage.(4)Information-induced,financial subsidy,and regulatory and restrictive policy tools all promote the adoption of Conservation tillage technology by farmers,but their effects are different.The policy tools are all time-sensitive,and the best effect is 2 to 3 years after the policy is issued.For information-induced policies,continuous increase in policy intensity can slightly encourage farmers to adopt technology.For the subsidy policy,when the subsidy fund is 40% to 70% of the farming cost,the farmers’ behavior response is obvious.For regulatory and restrictive policies,when the penalty amount is higher than 30% of the farming cost,the policy effect becomes more significant.Except for the farmers returning straw to the field,the farmers using straw incineration have the most significant response to the regulatory and restrictive policies,while the other farmers’ policy responses are "fund subsidy type>regulatory restriction type>information-induced".Based on the above research results,this research proposes that measures such as formulating optimal technology combinations,promoting agricultural and rural education,and improving supporting facility construction should consolidate the foundation for farmers to adopt technologies,deepen their technological awareness,and eliminate practical obstacles to technology implementation.It is also necessary to strengthen the publicity of agricultural technology,formulate policy support mechanisms,implement government policy controls,etc.,in order to enhance farmers’ sense of identity with protective farming technology,stimulate their enthusiasm,and strictly combat farmland destruction. |
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