Effect Of Crude Extract Of Panax Ginseng And Houttuynia Cordata On Growth Performance,Immune Function And Intestinal Flora Of Arbor Acres Broiler Chickens

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing antibiotics with a compound preparation of crude extract of ginseng and essential oil of Herba Houttuyniae(CGHH)in feeds on growth performance,slaughter performance,immune function,intestinal morphology and intestinal flora of Arbor Acres broiler chickens(AA broiler chickens).In the context of the "antibiotic ban" on livestock feed in China and the abundance of Chinese herbal medicine resources in China,we aimed to find a compound preparation of Chinese herbal extracts that could replace some antibiotics in growth promotion.In this experiment,300 healthy,1 day old(44.2±1.39g),AA broiler chickens were randomly selected in a one-way completely randomized group test design,and randomly divided into 5 groups: Control group(C),antibiotic group(A: Chrysomycin,Salinomycin),Low dose group(M1),Medium dose group(M2)and High dose group(M3).6 replicates in each group,each replicate 10 chickens,Group C was fed the basal diet and drinking water without any antibiotics and herbal ingredients,while group A only added Chrysomycin(50mg/ kg)and Salinomycin(50 mg/ kg)by weight to the basal diet,and M1,M2 and M3 added ginseng crude extract and Herba Houttuyniae essential oil compound 0.1 mL/ L,0.3mL/ L and 0.6 mL/ L,respectively,by volume to the drinking water.The pre-test period was7 d and the formal test period was 42 d.One chickens per replicate were weighed,bled,slaughtered,dissected and sampled at 8:00 a.m.Beijing time on 21 d and 42 d,including organs,tissues and cecum contents.Data collected and tested included growth and slaughter indices,serum biochemical indices,cytokines and intestinal flora indices.The main findings and conclusions of the study are as follows.1.Effect of CGHH on growth performance of AA broiler chickensCGHH improved the growth performance of AA broilers,and it was more effective than adding antibiotics(Chrysomycin and Salinomycin).CGHH increased the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of AA broilers,and reduced the feed to meat ratio.during the period of 21-42 d and 0-42 d of the experiment,the ADG of M3 group was higher than that of C group by 7.43 g and 4.39 g,respectively;and higher than that of A group by 2.43 g and 1.67 g.CGHH had no significant effect on the slaughter performance of AA broilers(P>0.05).The difference in wing rate was significantly higher(P<0.05)and abdominal fat rate was highly significant lower(P<0.01)in group A compared with group C.2.Effect of CGHH on serum biochemical indexes and immune function in AA broiler chickensThere was no significant difference between the serum levels of ALT,AST and BUN in each group of AA broilers compared with the blank control group(P > 0.05),which proved that CGHH at a dose of 0.6 mL/ L or less for 42 days did not cause hepatic and renal toxicity in AA broilers.CGHH could regulate ALP indexes in both directions.CGHH had no significant effect on serum immunoglobulin and IFN-γ.0.1 mL/ L and 0.6 mL/ L of CGHH elevated IL-1,and all CGHH groups decreased IL-10.CGHH had the same regulatory trend on IL-1,IL-10,IgG,and IFN-γ.3.Effect of CGHH on intestinal development and flora of AA broiler chickensCGHH reduced the length of small intestine after weight correction,in which the small intestine length of M3 group was significantly lower than that of C group(P < 0.05).CGHH increased the small intestine weight per unit length with body weight.CGHH extremely significantly increased duodenal villus height(P < 0.01),with the highest villus height in the M3 group.21 days of age,CGHH significantly increased ileal villus height(P < 0.05).CGHH increased the richness and diversity of intestinal flora in broiler duodenum,in which Chao1 was significantly higher in M2 and M3 groups than in A group(P < 0.05);antibiotics significantly reduced Chao1 index,Shannon index and Simpson index(P < 0.05),and the addition of antibiotics to the feed significantly reduced the intestinal flora(P < 0.05).The M2 group increased the ratio of F / B(thick-walled phylum / Bacteroidetes)and the antibiotics group decreased the ratio of F / B.The larger the ratio of F / B,the more obese the organism.In conclusion,the addition CGHH to the drinking water of AA broilers improved the growth performance of AA broilers without hepatic or renal toxicity,increased the intestinal V / C value,increased the richness and diversity of intestinal flora,and improved the structure of intestinal flora.The addition amount of 0.6 mL/L is preferred.