| Hypsizygus marmoreus(Peck)H.E.Bigelow is a wood rot edible fungus with beautiful appearance,delicious taste and rich nutritional value.As an important part of China’s edible fungus industry,H.marmoreus cultivation is ushering in a new wave of development,and the demand for H.marmoreus breeding,cultivation and management technology is further rising.It is urgent to further develop and study the physiology of H.marmoreus.This paper takes Anhui unique variety ‘H.marmoreus anhui-1’ as the research object,analyzes its nutritional physiology,the change law of extracellular enzyme activity and the corresponding agronomic characters,in order to find the internal relationship between the change law of extracellular enzyme activity and its agronomic characters from the perspective of physiology and enzymology.It provides a theoretical reference for the nutritional physiology research and cultivation management technology of H.marmoreus.The results are as follows:1.The mycelium of ‘H.marmoreus anhui-1’ can grow smoothly only under appropriate environmental conditions.The environmental temperature of 25 ℃,dark environment and p H adjustment of about 9 are the most appropriate.At this time,the mycelium stretches fast,grows well,and the mycelium is white,dense,thick and robust.2.The nutritional physiology of ‘H.marmoreus anhui-1’ mycelium was studied by using different carbon sources,nitrogen sources and C / N,and the sawdust addition experiment was carried out on the mycelium.The results showed that ‘H.marmoreus anhui-1’ had different utilization of carbon sources,the most suitable carbon source was soluble starch and glucose,and the worst carbon source was lactose;Organic nitrogen is more suitable as nitrogen source than inorganic nitrogen.The most suitable nitrogen source is beef extract peptone and the worst nitrogen source is urea;The medium C / N was between 10 / 1 and 30/ 1,and the mycelium grew well.Poplar sawdust and maple sawdust are the most suitable medium for mycelium cultivation,while Paulownia is the worst.3.The mycelium of ‘H.marmoreus anhui-1’ was deeply cultured.The extracellular enzyme activities of the mycelium changed according to the specific law.The measured extracellular enzyme activity peaks appeared alternately,the amylase activity peak appeared first,the carboxymethyl cellulase and hemicellulase activity peaks appeared in turn,and finally laccase.The results showed that in the process of liquid fermentation,the mycelium would absorb the required nutrients in the order of front and back,starch and other sugars,cellulose and hemicellulose were absorbed first,and lignin was absorbed later.4.The change of extracellular enzyme activity of the tested strains in the cultivation stage has a certain regularity,and the enzyme activity peaks appear one after another with complementary effects.The experiment found that ‘H.marmoreus anhui-1’ has a sequential order for the utilization of nutrients: lignin is first used in the mycelium stage,cellulose and hemicellulose are used in the fruiting body stage,and starch is used in both mycelium and fruiting body stages.5.The extracellular enzyme activity and agronomic characters of mycelium and fruiting body stage were studied.It was found that ‘H.marmoreus anhui-1’ had good mushroom shape,high yield and good biotransformation rate.The activity of amylase and laccase will affect whether the strain enters the reproductive growth stage sooner or later.The higher the enzyme activity,the more thorough the mycelial degradation base material,the more sufficient the absorption of nutrition,and the earlier the color change,the more conducive to the early emergence of mushrooms.However,after entering the reproductive growth stage,the activity of relevant enzymes is not necessarily related to the emergence of mushrooms sooner or later.The activities of carboxymethyl cellulase and hemicellulase will affect the yield of mushroom. |
