Effects Of Mixed Probiotic Fermented Feed On Performance And Intestinal Health Of Laying Hens

Intestinal tract is not only a digestive organ,but also an immune organ,which was particularly important in poultry production.During the peak period of laying,hens have greater nutritional needs,faster body metabolism and higher requirements for intestinal health.Anti-nutritional factors(ANFs)not only affected the digestion and absorption of nutrients,but also easily led to intestinal injury in laying hens,resulting in reduced production performance and disease.The ANFs of probiotic fermented feed were significantly reduced and the content of functional bioactive components increased,which could improve the intestinal morphology of laying hens and regulate the structure of intestinal flora,and the feeding effect of compound probiotic fermented feed was better.In this paper,the effects of compound probiotics fermentation on feed composition were firstly studied,and then the effects of compound probiotics fermented feed on performance and intestinal health of laying hens were investigated by taking Jingfen No.6 laying hens at the peak of egg production as the research object.The main results are as follows:Experiment one Effect of fermentation on feed composition60% corn,20% wheat bran and 20% soybean meal were used as fermentation substrates,two mixed probiotic powder(Mixed bacterial powder A: Bacillus subtilis,Lactobacillus,Yeast;Mixed bacterial powder B: Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus salivary),and the solid-state anaerobic fermentation for 5 days.The changes of feed components before and after fermentation were determined.The results showed as follows:After fermentation,the content of crude protein in feed increased significantly,pH value,crude fiber content,trypsin inhibitor concentration and β-glucan decreased significantly(P< 0.05).However,the contents of ether extract and phytic acid were not significantly affected by fermentation(P > 0.05).This shows that compound probiotic fermentation can improve feed quality.Experiment two Effects of fermented feed on production performance and egg quality of laying hensA total of 270 Jing Fen No.6 laying hens(22-weeks-old)with similar weight and good health were randomly selected.They were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group,with 15 chickens in each replicate.The pre-trial was 2 weeks and the trial period was 8 weeks.Three treatment groups were control group(CON): basal diet + 6%unfermented mixed feed;Mixed bacterial powder A fermented feed group(FA): basal diet+ 6% mixed bacterial powder A fermented feed;Mixed bacterial powder B fermented feed group(FB): basal diet + 6% mixed bacterial powder B fermented feed.The results showed as follow: Compound probiotic fermented feed could significantly reduce the feed egg ratio of laying hens(P < 0.05),significantly increased Albumen height(P < 0.05),and the Haugh unit of FB group increased significantly(P < 0.05).However,feeding fermented feed had no notable role in ADFI,index of egg shape,egg production ratio,eggshell thickness,eggshell strength(P > 0.05).The two kinds of compound probiotic fermented feed can have a beneficial impact on production performance and egg quality,and the compound bacterial powder fermented feed of Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus salivarius is better.Experiment three Effect of fermented feed on intestinal health of laying hensThe test design was the same as experiment two.After the experiment,one layer in good condition was randomly selected for each repetition,with a total of 18 hens in 3groups.After the experiment,the contents of intestinal mucosa,intestinal segment and cecum were collected,and the sIgA content,intestinal morphology,mRNA expression of jejunal barrier related genes and cecal microflora were measured.The findings are as follows: 1)Feeding compound probiotic fermented feed could significantly increase the villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth of digestive tract(P < 0.05).However,there was no obvious was found between the two fermented feeds(P > 0.05).2)Fermented feed significantly increased the content of sIgA in jejunal mucosa(P<0.05),and significantly increased the relative expression level of Occludin,MUC2,TLR-4,MyD88 and NF-κB in jejunum(P < 0.05).3)Compared with the control group and compound bacterial powder A fermented feed group,the Chao1 index and ACE index of compound bacterial powder B fermented feed group increased significantly(P < 0.05).Feeding fermented feed could significantly increase the genus Romboutsia in FA group,Butyricoccus in FB group and other bacteria beneficial to intestinal health(P < 0.05),and significantly reduce the relative abundance of conditional pathogens such as Alistipes,Enterococcus and Alloprovotella(P < 0.05).In conclusion,compound probiotic fermentation can improve feed quality.Feeding compound probiotic fermented feed can improve the intestinal tissue morphology of laying hens,enhance the jejunal epithelial barrier function,regulate the cecal microflora,reduce the feed egg ratio and improve the egg quality.