Study On The Relationship Between Ecological Factors And Tobacco Quality In Taoyuan

The climate,soil and flue-cured tobacco in Taoyuan County are the research objects.The climate date of Taoyuan County is collected.The soil pH,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter,available iron,available manganese,available Boron,available molybdenum,available zinc and the appearance quality,physical properties,chemical composition and sensory quality of tobacco leaves were tested in six major tobacco-growing towns in Taoyuan County.The main ecological characteristics,tobacco leaf characteristics and the relationship between the main ecological factors and tobacco leaf quality in Taoyuan County were systematically studied,in order to provide theoretical support for the balanced fertilization and industrial leaf formulations for the utilization of tobacco leaf in Taoyuan County.The main conclusions are as follows:1.Ecological characteristics of Taoyuan County.The average temperature in the growing period of the tobacco area in Taoyuan County is 22.6℃,the average monthly rainfall is 171.5mm,and the rainfall is sufficient.The average monthly sunshine hours is 128.9 h.The average temperature in Taoyuan County is lower in March,and the flue-cured tobacco is in the growing period of the field.The number needs to be 500-700 h,and the local sunshine hours can meet the normal growth needs of flue-cured tobacco.Taoyuan County has relatively more precipitation during the seedling return,root extension and maturity periods.It is necessary to ensure the normal growth of tobacco plants in the early stage and the normal yellowing of tobacco leaves and timely harvest in the later stage.The soil in Taoyuan County can basically meet the growth requirements of tobacco leaves.The pH value of the soil is generally acidic,the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is more suitable,the available phosphorus content is high,the available potassium is relatively high,the organic matter is more suitable,and the content of iron,manganese,and copper is extremely rich.Zinc,boron and molybdenum are relatively sufficient,and the water-soluble chlorine content is extremely low.2.Quality characteristics of tobacco leaves in Taoyuan County:The overall appearance quality of tobacco leaves in Taoyuan County is better,the color is orange or lemon yellow,the maturity is mature and complete,the leaf structure is still loose,the identity is slightly thin or thick,the oil content is strong,the color is strong,the tobacco leaf The color and maturity are relatively stable.The overall physical characteristics of tobacco leaves are in good condition,and the coefficient of variation of thickness and single leaf weight is relatively large.There are significant differences in tobacco leaf tension and equilibrium moisture content in different towns.The chemical composition of tobacco leaves in Taoyuan County is coordinated.The content of reducing sugar and total sugar is relatively high,the potassium content is slightly insufficient,the chlorine content is low,and the potassium chloride is relatively high.Among the degradation products of carotenoids in tobacco leaves in Taoyuan County,β-damascone,β-dihydrodamascenone,megastigmatrienone Ⅳ and farnesylacetone have higher contents;the phenylalanines in tobacco leaves are degraded Among the products,the content of benzyl alcohol is the highest,followed by phenylethyl alcohol,then phenylacetaldehyde,and finally benzaldehyde;among the Maillard reaction products of tobacco leaves,furfural is the main product,occupying a large proportion;the content of solanone is present in Niuchahe Town.>Jiuxi Town>Sanyanggang Town>Pantang Town>Qinglin Town>Niwotan Town.In the sensory evaluation of the tobacco leaves in Taoyuan County,the tobacco leaves have a slightly better aroma quality,a little more aroma,a little mixed air,a little thicker concentration,a certain strength,a little irritation,a comfortable aftertaste,strong combustion,and a whiter gray..The average coefficient of variation of each index is less than 10%,indicating that the smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco in Taoyuan County is relatively stable.Except for aftertaste,combustibility,and ash content,there is no significant difference in other indicators among towns.3.The relationship between climatic factors and tobacco leaf quality in the tobacco area of Taoyuan County:color,maturity,leaf structure,oil content in the appearance quality of tobacco leaves,temperature during seedling return,temperature during root extension,temperature during mature period,rainfall during root extension,and rainfall during peak period,Long-term sunshine hours have a greater impact.The physical characteristics of tobacco leaves are affected greatly by the length of the leaf,the weight of single leaf,the thickness,and the equilibrium moisture content.Among the conventional chemical components of tobacco leaves,the ratio of reducing sugar,total nitrogen,protein,chlorine,potassium to chlorine is affected by the temperature at the seedling stage,the rainfall at the seedling stage,the rainfall at the root extension stage,the rainfall at the peak season,the rainfall at the mature stage,and the seedling stage.Sunshine hours,Sunshine hours during root extension period,Sunshine hours during mature period.The temperature in the rooting stage,the rainfall in the mature stage,the sunshine hours in the seedling stage,the sunshine hours in the root stretching stage,and the sunshine hours in the maturity stage have a greater impact on the neutral aroma substances of tobacco leaves.The sensory evaluation of tobacco leaf concentration,mixed air,aftertaste,and ash are greatly affected by the temperature during the root extension period,the temperature during the mature period,the rainfall during the mature period,the sunshine hours in the vigorous period,and the sunshine hours in the mature period.The climatic factors in the prosperous and mature stages of Taoyuan County have significant effects on the quality of tobacco leaves.4.The relationship between soil and tobacco leaf quality in Taoyuan County:within a certain range,the looseness,identity,and color of leaf structure in the appearance quality of tobacco leaves are significantly affected by soil pH,available molybdenum,available boron,and exchangeable calcium;various indicators of tobacco leaf physical properties It is significantly affected by soil available phosphorus,water-soluble chlorine,available iron,available copper,available boron,available sulfur,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium;the chemical composition of tobacco leaves is affected by soil pH,available potassium,available copper,available boron,and available molybdenum,Available sulfur,exchangeable calcium,and exchangeable magnesium have significant effects;in the measured soil factors,in addition to available copper and available zinc,other indicators have significant effects on some indicators of neutral aroma substances.The sensory evaluation of tobacco leaf aroma quality,aroma quantity,irritation,ash content,and total evaluation score are significantly affected by alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus,organic matter,water-soluble chlorine,available manganese,available zinc,available boron,and exchangeable calcium.Soil pH,available phosphorus,available boron,available molybdenum,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and other soil factors in Taoyuan County have significant effects on the quality of tobacco leaves.