Effects Of Harvesting Methods On The Quality And Grain Quality Of Foxtail Millet

As an important food crop in northern my country,foxtail millet has high nutritional value and great market value.Harvesting methods,harvesting quality and millet quality have a profound impact on the development of foxtail millet industry.This article analyzes the three traditional harvesting methods and the effects of combined harvesting on the harvest quality and rice quality of the main varieties Zhangzagu No.10 and Jingu No.21 in Shanxi Province,as well as when using different types of grain combine harvesters to harvest,the difference in the quality of foxtail millet harvest.The main conclusions are as follows:1 The average total loss rate of the combined harvest is 2.29% higher than that of the traditional harvest,which is mainly manifested in the rate of shattering and ear falling.There is no significant difference in the total loss rate of the three harvesting methods: cutting stalks and drying,cutting ears,and cutting ears without drying,but the rate of shattering,ear dropping,and threshing loss are all in the order of cutting ears without drying> cutting stalks with drying> cutting ears with drying the trend of.The impurity rate and crushing rate of millet harvested from the combined harvest are significantly higher than that of the traditional harvest,1.12% and 2.27% higher respectively,the harvesting method without drying treatment is significantly higher than the harvesting method with drying treatment,and both increase with the increase of moisture content,it shows that the drying process is to reduce the moisture content of the millet to achieve the effect of reducing the impurity rate and the broken rate.The actual yield of combined harvest is 35.2 kg/mu lower than traditional harvest on average,and the difference between treatments is significant;At the same time,the actual yield showed a trend of cutting stalks and drying> cutting ears and drying> cutting ears without drying,and was consistent with the trend of thousand-grain weight,therefore,cutting the stalks and drying to make the originally not full grains quickly become full and increase the thousand-grain weight,so as to achieve the effect of increasing production.2 The millet bulk density,particle size and b* value of the harvesting method of cutting stems and drying are significantly larger than that of the combined harvesting,indicating that the appearance quality of millet under the traditional harvesting method is better than that of the combined harvesting;The bulk density,particle size,and b* value of millet treated by cutting stalks and drying are higher than those of cutting ears and not drying,indicating that cutting with stalks can improve the appearance quality of millet.There is no significant difference in the yellow pigment content of millet harvested from traditional harvest and combined harvest,but both are significantly higher than those treated by cutting ears and drying without drying;the fat content and protein content tend to be the same.Only cutting stems and drying is significantly higher than the harvesting method without drying treatment,and there is no significant difference between other harvesting methods;the harvesting method has no significant effect on the crude starch content,and the trend of amylose and amylose ratio is consistent with that of yellow pigment;drying treatment is beneficial to the accumulation of methionine,leucine,lysine,threonine and valine,but inhibits the accumulation of isoleucine and phenylalanine;In general,the total content of essential amino acids is the highest under the harvesting method of "cutting stalks + drying",followed by combined harvesting,and the harvesting method of "cutting ears + no drying" is the lowest,it further shows that cutting the stalks in advance and drying them in the sun is beneficial to the accumulation of essential amino acids in millet.3 During the harvesting process of Kubota 4LZ-6A2(PRO 1108)grain combine harvester,the rate of ear drop and the loss rate of millet during cleaning are significantly higher than those of the other two types of grain combine harvesters;World Opteron 4LZ-7C has the smallest loss rate in the election,but it is not much different from John Deere W 80.Kubota 4LZ-6A2(PRO 1108)grain combine harvester has the lowest impurity content,which is 3.18%,which is not significantly different from World Opteron 4LZ-7C,the trash content of John Deere W 80 is significantly higher than the other two types of grain combine harvesters.Three different types of grain combine harvesters have a significant impact on the crushing rate of millet.The John Deere W 80 grain combine harvester has the smallest crushing rate of 2.90%;Kubota 4LZ-6A2(PRO 1108)has the largest crushing rate of 4.50%.